近日，中国科学技术大学姚涛团队报道了高效氧还原反应中多组分合金中铂位点的对称性破缺调制。这一研究成果于2026年4月1日发表在《德国应用化学》杂志上。

理解和控制多组分合金中的原子级相互作用为驱动多步串联催化提供了一条有前景的途径。

研究组开发了一种原子对称性破缺的PtFeCoCu多组分合金，该合金破坏了长程有序和局部配位均匀性，并揭示了其在氧还原反应（ORR）中性能增强的本质。这种由异质局部配位和各向异性应变所构成的刻意对称性破缺，通过引入额外的过渡金属邻居来丰富Pt的配位环境。这些结构畸变激活了多组分相互作用并调控了Pt的电子结构，从而促进了ORR中间体的转化，同时抑制了组分的溶出。

因此，PtFeCoCu在ORR中达到了0.95 V_RHE的半波电位和0.9 V_RHE下3.53 A mg_Pt^-1的质量活性。在H₂-O₂燃料电池中，它在0.9 V_iR-free下实现了1.63 A mg_Pt^-1的高质量活性，并在30,000次循环后保持了初始质量活性的87.7%。该发现表明，对称性破缺是一个关键驱动力，对多组分合金具有广泛的影响。

附：英文原文

Title: Symmetry-Breaking Modulation of Platinum Sites in Multicomponent Alloy for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Author: Xinyi Shen, Xue Zhang, Wenfeng Hu, Xiaolin Tai, Wenzhi Li, Yuwen Chen, Mengzhao Zhu, Huijuan Zhang, Qinghua Zhang, Lin Gu, Yue Lin, Yuen Wu, Mei Sun, Li-Ming Yang, Xiaokang Liu, Linlin Cao, Tao Yao

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-01

Abstract: Understanding and controlling atomic-level interactions within multicomponent alloys provides a promising avenue to drive multistep tandem catalysis. Herein, we develop an atomic symmetry-breaking PtFeCoCu multicomponent alloy that disrupts long-range order and local coordination homogeneity and identify the nature of its enhanced performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The deliberate symmetry breaking, featured by heterogeneous local coordination and anisotropic strain, enriches the Pt environment with additional transition-metal neighbors. These distortions activate multicomponent interactions and tune the Pt electronic structure, promoting ORR intermediate conversion while suppressing component dissolution. Consequently, PtFeCoCu reaches a half-wave potential of 0.95 VRHE and a mass activity of 3.53 A mgPt1 at 0.9 VRHE in ORR. In an H2-O2 fuel cell, it delivers a high mass activity of 1.63 A mgPt1 at 0.9 ViR-free, retaining 87.7% of its initial mass activity after 30,000 cycles. Our findings highlight symmetry breaking as a key driver with broad implications across multicomponent alloys.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.5938299

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.5938299