皮层内尖峰放电与高γ活动的主动解离，这一成果由美国西北大学范伯格医学院Slutzky, Marc W.小组经过不懈努力而取得。2026年4月1日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这项成果。

为了验证这些假设，研究组训练猴子（猕猴）在脑机接口的单个电极上分离HGA的局部尖峰。它们解耦的能力表明，HGA可能不是简单地由求和的局部尖峰产生的。相反，HGA与广泛分布在几毫米皮质上的神经元群的共放电有关。神经元尖峰对这种共燃烧的贡献更大，也对尖峰触发的HGA的贡献更大。这些结果表明，HGA主要是由广泛分布的神经元的同步共放电触发的突触后电位总和引起的。

研究人员表示，皮质高伽马波段活动（HGA）是许多科学研究的主题，但其生物物理存在性是一个有争议的问题。两种主要的假设是HGA主要代表突触后电位的总和，或者更常见的是，它主要代表局部尖峰的总和。如果后者是正确的，那么离电极最近的神经元应该对电极上记录的HGA贡献最大。

附：英文原文

Title: Active dissociation of intracortical spiking and high gamma activity

Author: Lei, Tianhao, Scheid, Michael R., Flint, Robert D., Glaser, Joshua I., Slutzky, Marc W.

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-01

Abstract: Cortical high gamma-band activity (HGA) is used in many scientific investigations1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, yet its biophysical source is a matter of debate. Two leading hypotheses are that HGA predominantly represents summed postsynaptic potentials or—more commonly—that it predominantly represents summed local spikes. If the latter were true, the nearest neurons to an electrode should contribute most to HGA recorded on that electrode. To test these hypotheses, here we trained monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to decouple local spiking from HGA on a single electrode using a brain–machine interface. Their ability to decouple them suggested that HGA is probably not generated simply by summed local spiking. Instead, HGA correlated with co-firing of neuronal populations that were widely distributed across millimetres of cortex. The neuronal spikes that contributed more to this co-firing also contributed more to, and preceded, spike-triggered HGA. These results suggest that HGA arises mainly from summed postsynaptic potentials triggered by the synchronous co-firing of widely distributed neurons.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10331-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10331-y