近日，
研究人员开发了一种估算鱼类代谢产热的方法，揭示了从1毫克的幼虫到3吨的巨型浮游生物鲨鱼的日常能量消耗是如何随大小和温度变化的。研究团队发现，中温动物的能量大约是变温动物的5倍，并发现了一种尺度不匹配，即随着体型的增加，热量的产生速度比热量的损失快，体型较大的鱼变得越来越温暖。这种比例失衡给大型中温动物造成了过热的困境，这有助于解释它们较冷的生物地理。当代中温系统面临着高燃料需求和过热风险，这是一个令人担忧的问题，因为它们在之前的气候变化中不成比例地死亡。
据了解，体型和温度决定了代谢率和生命的节奏，但他们对大型鱼类的能量学的理解是不确定的，尤其是对能严重影响海洋食物网的暖体中温动物。
附：英文原文
Title: Mesothermic fishes face high fuel demands and overheating risk in warming oceans
Author: Nicholas L. Payne, Edward P. Snelling, Ignacio Peralta-Maraver, David E. Cade, Taylor K. Chapple, Alexandra G. McInturf, Yuuki Y. Watanabe, David W. Sims, Nuno Queiroz, Ivo da Costa, Lara L. Sousa, Jeremy A. Goldbogen, Haley R. Dolton, Andrew L. Jackson
Issue&Volume: 2026-04-16
Abstract: Body size and temperature set metabolic rates and the pace of life, yet our understanding of the energetics of large fishes is uncertain, especially of warm-bodied mesotherms, which can heavily influence marine food webs. We developed an approach to estimate metabolic heat production in fishes, revealing how routine energy expenditure scales with size and temperature from 1-milligram larvae up to 3-tonne megaplanktivorous sharks. We found that mesotherms use approximately four times more energy than ectotherms use and identified a scaling mismatch in which rates of heat production increase faster than heat loss as body size increases, with larger fish becoming increasingly warm bodied. This scaling imbalance creates an overheating predicament for large mesotherms, helping to explain their cooler biogeographies. Contemporary mesotherms face high fuel demands and overheating risks, which is a concern given their disproportionate demise during prior climate shifts.
DOI: adt2981
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt2981