伦敦大学学院Matteo Carandini团队取得一项新突破。他们揭示了全脑血容量反映相反的神经群。2026年4月15日出版的《自然》杂志发表了这项成果。

在这里，该研究组测量了神经元活动和血容量的波动，发现它们的关系在大脑状态和大脑区域是一致的，但在两个相反的全脑神经群中是不同的。功能性超声成像（fUSI）显示，觉醒的标志物搅拌与全脑血容量波动有关。同时，fUSI和Neuropixels记录显示，与那些减少活动的神经元相比，随着搅拌而增加活动的神经元具有不同的血流动力学反应功能。他们的总贡献预测了各州的血容量。全脑神经像素记录显示，这些对立的群体在整个大脑中共存。它们对血容量的不同贡献在很大程度上解释了不同地区血容量波动的明显差异。同主题的大脑包含两个神经群，它们与大脑状态的关系相反，与血液供应的关系不同，它们共同解释了全脑血容量的波动。

研究人员表示，大脑组织的血液供应被认为取决于该组织的整体神经活动，而这种依赖被认为在不同的大脑区域和不同的大脑状态中是不同的。然而，支持这些观点的研究测量了大量的神经活动，并将其与不同区域发生不同事件后的血液供应联系起来。

附：英文原文

Title: Brainwide blood volume reflects opposing neural populations

Author: Landemard, Agns, Krumin, Michael, Harris, Kenneth D., Carandini, Matteo

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-15

Abstract: The supply of blood to brain tissue is thought to depend on the overall neural activity in that tissue1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, and this dependence is thought to differ across brain regions3,4,10,11,12,13 and across brain states3,14,15,16,17. However, studies supporting these views have measured neural activity as a bulk quantity and related it to blood supply following disparate events in different regions. Here we measure fluctuations in neuronal activity and blood volume across the mouse brain, and find that their relationship is consistent across brain states and brain regions but differs in two opposing brainwide neural populations. Functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) revealed that whisking, a marker of arousal, is associated with brainwide fluctuations in blood volume. Simultaneous fUSI and Neuropixels recordings showed that neurons that increase activity with whisking have distinct haemodynamic response functions compared with those that decrease activity. Their summed contributions predicted blood volume across states. Brainwide Neuropixels recordings revealed that these opposing populations coexist in the entire brain. Their differing contributions to blood volume largely explain the apparent differences in blood volume fluctuations across regions. The mouse brain thus contains two neural populations with opposite relations to brain state and distinct relationships to blood supply, which together account for brainwide fluctuations in blood volume.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10350-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10350-9