近日，青岛科技大学张海昌团队报道了通过B←N取向调整有效共轭：用于有机场效应晶体管的高迁移率N型异靛蓝聚合物。这一研究成果发表在2026年4月7日出版的《结构化学》杂志上。

将吸电子的B←N配位单元引入共轭聚合物中，已成为增强n型电荷传输的有效策略。然而，这些单元的取向（垂直于或平行于聚合物主链）会深刻影响有效共轭、分子堆积以及最终的电荷传输性能。

为了系统研究这一构效关系，研究组设计了具有精确可控聚合位点的IIDG-AB发色团，由此得到两种异构聚合物：B←N取向垂直于主链的P1和取向平行于主链的P2。理论与实验综合研究表明，尽管P1的几何共轭长度较短，但它具有更扩展的有效π体系、更强的分子内电荷转移、更紧密的溶液相聚集体、更近的π-π堆积距离以及更离域的电子激发。这些综合特性使其具有更深的LUMO能级和更优异的电子传输性能，在有机场效应晶体管中，P1的电子迁移率达到1.77 cm² V^-1 s^-1，显著高于P2（0.86 cm² V^-1 s^-1）。

这项工作表明，发色团的扭转和本征二面角会扭曲主链构象，限制有效共轭并削弱堆积效率。研究组强调，使B←N配位单元垂直于主链取向至关重要，这为高性能n型聚合物确立了一个关键设计原则。“构象驱动性能”这一概念为合理开发有机电子材料提供了有价值的范式。

附：英文原文

Title: Tuning effective conjugation via B←N orientation: High-mobility n-type isoindigo polymers for organic field-effect transistors

Author: anonymous

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-07

Abstract: The incorporation of electron-withdrawing B←N coordination units has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance n-type charge transport in conjugated polymers. However, the orientation of these units—whether perpendicular or parallel to the polymer backbone—profoundly influences effective conjugation, molecular packing, and ultimately charge transport properties. To address this structure–property relationship systematically, we designed the IIDG-AB chromophore with precisely controlled polymerization sites, yielding two isomeric polymers: P1 with perpendicular B←N orientation and P2 with parallel orientation. Integrated theoretical and experimental investigations reveal that P1, despite having a shorter geometric conjugation length, achieves a more extended effective π-system, stronger intramolecular charge transfer, tighter solution-phase aggregation, closer π–π stacking, and more delocalized electron excitation. These collective attributes result in a deeper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level and superior electron transport, with P1 exhibiting an electron mobility of 1.77 cm2 V-1s-1 in organic field-effect transistors—substantially exceeding that of P2 (0.86 cm2 V-1s-1). This work demonstrates that chromophore twist and intrinsic dihedral angles can distort backbone conformation, limit effective conjugation and weaken packing efficiency. We highlight that orienting B←N coordination perpendicular to the backbone is critical, establishing a key design principle for high-performance n-type polymers. The concept of "conformation-driven performance" offers a valuable paradigm for the rational development of organic electronic materials.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2026.100943

Source: https://cjsc.ac.cn/cms/issues/1026