哈佛医学院Diane Mathis小组取得一项新突破。他们的论文发现了Piezo1依赖性基质细胞激活点燃运动与损伤中的肌肉炎症，并与炎症衰老相关联。这一研究成果发表在2026年3月3日出版的国际学术期刊《自然—免疫学》上。

作为运动的致动器和机体代谢的关键调节因子，骨骼肌是炎症反应被仔细校准的部位，以抵消压力源，同时防止长期的功能损伤。运动、受伤和衰老是与炎症相关的常见压力形式；然而，导致这种炎症的特定诱导剂和传感器的特征仍然很差。对急性和慢性耐力运动模型的多管齐下的评估揭示了骨髓间充质间质细胞在将运动诱导的机械应力转化为局部炎症反应中的作用，并且机械敏感离子通道Piezo1是主要的分子传感器。基质细胞的机械感应对于急性骨髓损伤的适当时间的炎症和肌源性反应也是必要的，并且与年龄相关的骨髓炎症有关。这些发现强调了Piezo1对骨骼肌间充质间质细胞改变组织刚度的感知是骨骼肌应力诱导免疫调节的基本机制。

附：英文原文

Title: Piezo1-dependent activation of stromal cells ignites muscle inflammation in exercise and injury and is associated with inflammaging

Author: Langston, P. Kent, Vijaya Raghavan, Jayashree, Benoist, Christophe, Mathis, Diane

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-03

Abstract: As the actuator of movement and a key regulator of organismal metabolism, skeletal muscle is a site at which inflammatory responses must be carefully calibrated to counteract stressors while preventing protracted functional impairments. Exercise, injury and aging are common forms of stress associated with inflammation; yet the specific inducers and sensors driving such inflammation remain poorly characterized. Multipronged assessment of acute and chronic endurance exercise models uncovered a role for muscle mesenchymal stromal cells in transducing exercise-induced mechanical stress into local inflammatory responses and that the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 is the primary molecular sensor. Mechanosensing by stromal cells is also necessary for appropriately timed inflammatory and myogenic responses to acute muscle injury and is associated with age-related muscle inflammation. These findings highlight sensing of altered tissue stiffness by Piezo1 on muscle mesenchymal stromal cells as a fundamental mechanism of stress-induced immunomodulation in skeletal muscle.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02435-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-026-02435-4