近日，西南大学刘德新课题组的最新研究提出了普通烟草叶和茎发育过程中基因表达的遗传调控景观。相关论文于2026年3月23日发表在《遗传学报》杂志上。

研究组对220种不同的烟草材料进行了全基因组和转录组测序，以剖析性状变异的遗传结构和调控机制。课题组确定了324万个SNPs和231700个InDels，表征了群体结构和基因组特征。他们的分析揭示了烤烟中两个遗传上截然不同的亚群，这些亚群在2S、2T和12S染色体上的5个大基因组片段上有差异，它们表现出较高的SNP密度、核苷酸多样性和固定指数。通过构建跨发育阶段主题表达数量性状位点（eQTL）的基因表达调控图谱，揭示了亚基因组间基因表达调控的不对称性。8个叶和茎结构性状的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）和转录组关联研究（TWAS）鉴定出43个数量性状位点（QTLs）和153个候选基因。

此外，该课题组人员联合分析了TWAS和eQTL汇总统计，构建了叶片和茎性状的基因调控网络，揭示了不同发育阶段基因调控的大量重新连接。本研究中产生的基因组和转录组数据集为了解普通烟草重要性状的遗传结构提供了有价值的抵抗和见解。

据了解，普通烟草（Nicotiana tabacum L.）是一种重要的异源四倍体作物，但其发育过程中基因表达的遗传调控机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Genetic regulatory landscape of gene expression during leaf and stem development in common tobacco

Author: anonymous

Issue&Volume: 2026/03/23

Abstract: Common tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important allotetraploid crop, yet the genetic regulation of gene expression during development remains poorly understood. Here, we conduct whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of 220 diverse tobacco accessions to dissect the genetic architecture and regulatory mechanisms underlying trait variation. We identify 3.24 million SNPs and 231,700 InDels, characterizing population structure and genomic features. Our analysis reveals two genetically distinct subpopulations within the flue-cured tobacco that are differentiated across five large genomic segments on chromosomes 2S, 2T and 12S, which exhibit elevated SNP density, nucleotide diversity and fixation indices. A genetic regulatory atlas of gene expression, constructed using expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping across four developmental stages, reveals asymmetric gene expression regulation between sub-genomes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) for eight leaf and stem architecture traits identify 43 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 153 candidate genes. Furthermore, we jointly analyze TWAS and eQTL summary statistics to construct gene regulatory networks underlying leaf and stem traits, uncovering substantial rewiring of gene regulations across developmental stages. The genomic and transcriptomic datasets generated in this study provide a valuable resource and insights into the genetic architecture of important traits in common tobacco.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2026.03.016

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852726001049