马萨诸塞州总医院Daniel B. Rubin团队宣布他们发现了瘫痪后用神经假体恢复快速自然双手分型。这一研究成果于2026年3月16日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—神经科学》上。

认识到键盘输入是一种熟悉的、高信息速率的交流模式，该课题组开发了一种皮层内脑机接口（iBCI）打字神经假体，为瘫痪患者提供双手QWERTY键盘功能。用这种iBCI打字只需要尝试手指运动，只需30个校准句子就能准确解码。基于5-gram语言模型改进了句子解码。这种神经假体在两名四肢瘫痪的iBCI临床试验参与者中表现良好，其中一名患有肌萎缩侧索硬化症，另一名患有脊髓损伤。打字速度可调，达到每分钟110字符，每分钟22单词，错误率1.6%。这类似于健全的打字精度，并提供比目前最先进的手马达iBCI解码更高的吞吐量。总之，一种解码手指运动的输入神经假体，为瘫痪导致的沟通障碍患者提供了一种直观、熟悉且易于学习的范例。

附：英文原文

Title: Restoring rapid natural bimanual typing with a neuroprosthesis after paralysis

Author: Jude, Justin J., Levi-Aharoni, Hadar, Acosta, Alexander J., Allcroft, Shane B., Nicolas, Claire, Lacayo, Bayardo E., Card, Nicholas S., Wairagkar, Maitreyee, Levin, Alisa D., Brandman, David M., Stavisky, Sergey D., Willett, Francis R., Williams, Ziv M., Simeral, John D., Hochberg, Leigh R., Rubin, Daniel B.

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-16

Abstract: Here, recognizing keyboard typing as a familiar, high information rate communication paradigm, we developed an intracortical brain–computer interface (iBCI) typing neuroprosthesis providing bimanual QWERTY keyboard functionality for people with paralysis. Typing with this iBCI involves only attempted finger movements, which are decoded accurately with as few as 30 calibration sentences. Sentence decoding is improved using a 5-gram language model. This typing neuroprosthesis performed well for two iBCI clinical trial participants with tetraplegia—one with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and one with spinal cord injury. Typing speed is user-regulated, reaching 110 characters per minute, resulting in 22 words per minute with a word error rate of 1.6%. This resembles able-bodied typing accuracy and provides higher throughput than current state-of-the-art hand motor iBCI decoding. In summary, a typing neuroprosthesis decoding finger movements, provides an intuitive, familiar and easy-to-learn paradigm for individuals with impaired communication due to paralysis.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02218-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-026-02218-y