哈佛大学David Reich小组的一项最新研究论文发现了巴布亚混血早于帕劳的定居。2026年3月10日出版的《细胞》发表了这项成果。

研究人员表示，第一批人在距今3000年前到达遥远的大洋洲，几乎同时到达西南太平洋、马里亚纳群岛和帕劳。然而，没有来自帕劳的全基因组古代DNA数据，本研究通过分析四个考古遗址（距今2900年至500年）的21例个体填补了这一空白。所有样本均显示出约60%东亚人和40%巴布亚人的祖先成分，这与现代帕劳人高度相似，构成了远大洋洲地区已知最长的族群连续性谱系。在最古老的个体中，巴布亚人祖先的连续片段的长度表明，在所有帕劳人的祖先中，巴布亚人与东亚人的大规模混血早在首批定居者抵达前就已开始。这与西南太平洋的模式不同，在那里，来自三个不同岛屿的拉皮塔考古文化样本个体几乎完全具有东亚血统，数百年后才观察到大量巴布亚混血。

附：英文原文

Title: Papuan admixture predated the settlement of Palau

Author: Yue-Chen Liu, Joanne Eakin, Jolie Liston, Rosalind Hunter-Anderson, Calvin Emesiochel, Kiblas Soaladaob, Sunny O. Ngirmang, Olivia Cheronet, Carla S. Hadden, Alexander Cherkinsky, Matthew Spriggs, Keith M. Prufer, Swapan Mallick, Nadin Rohland, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-10

Abstract: The first people reached Remote Oceania 3,000 years before present (BP), arriving roughly simultaneously in the southwest Pacific, the Marianas Archipelago, and Palau. However, no genome-wide ancient DNA data have been available from Palau, a gap we address by reporting 21 individuals from four archaeological sites dating between 2,900 and 500 BP. All had approximately 60% ancestry related to East Asians and 40% to Papuans, similar to present-day Palauans, the longest stretch of population continuity anywhere in Remote Oceania. The lengths of contiguous Papuan ancestry segments in the oldest individuals show that major admixture between Papuans and East Asians in the ancestors of all sampled Palauans began prior to first settlement. This differs from the pattern in the southwest Pacific, where sampled individuals of the Lapita archaeological culture from three different islands had almost entirely East Asian ancestry, with large amounts of Papuan admixture observed only hundreds of years later.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.02.011

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(26)00176-5