近日，美国哈佛大学M. D. Lukin团队研究了量子网络中纠缠辅助的非局域光学干涉测量。2026年2月25日，《自然》杂志发表了这一成果。

非局域光学测量在低光强条件下（例如长基线望远镜阵列）的灵敏度受到量子噪声和光子损失的固有限制。分布式量子纠缠被提出作为突破这些限制并进入新的非局域光学传感机制的潜在途径。

研究组通过在金刚石纳米腔中的硅空位中心量子网络中使用纠缠量子存储器，首次实验实现了这类非局域相位测量。具体而言，研究组结合了事件就绪型远程量子纠缠的生成、隐藏时域和空间分离入射光学模式"路径信息"的光子模式擦除技术，以及基于远程纠缠的非局域非破坏性光子判定，完成了两站间微弱入射光的概念验证型纠缠辅助差分相位测量。通过光纤链路实现长达1.55公里基线的远程相位传感协议，该结果为发展新型量子增强光学成像技术提供了可能，潜在应用领域涵盖长基线干涉测量、天文学及显微术。

附：英文原文

Title: Entanglement-assisted non-local optical interferometry in a quantum network

Author: Stas, P.-J., Wei, Y.-C., Sirotin, M., Huan, Y. Q., Yazlar, U., Abdo Arias, F., Knyazev, E., Baranes, G., Machielse, B., Grandi, S., Riedel, D., Borregaard, J., Park, H., Lonar, M., Suleymanzade, A., Lukin, M. D.

Issue&Volume: 2026-02-25

Abstract: The sensitivity of non-local optical measurements at low light intensities, such as those involved in long-baseline telescope arrays1,2, is limited by fundamental quantum noise and photon losses3. Distributed quantum entanglement has been proposed as a route towards overcoming these limitations and accessing new regimes of non-local optical sensing4,5,6. Here we demonstrate the use of entangled quantum memories in a quantum network of silicon–vacancy centres in diamond nanocavities7,8,9 to experimentally perform such non-local phase measurements. Specifically, we combine the generation of event-ready remote quantum entanglement, photon mode erasure that hides the ‘which-path’ information of temporally and spatially separated incoming optical modes and non-local, non-destructive photon heralding enabled by remote entanglement to perform a proof-of-concept entanglement-assisted differential phase measurement of weak incident light between two spatially separate stations. Demonstrating successful operation of the remote phase sensing protocol with a fibre link baseline up to 1.55km, our results provide an opportunity for a new class of quantum-enhanced optical imaging methods with potential applications ranging from long-baseline interferometry and astronomy to microscopy10,11.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10171-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10171-w