近日， 新加坡国家环境局Lee Ching Ng团队研究了感染沃尔巴克氏体的雄蚊对登革热的抑制作用。该研究于2026年2月11日发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上。

野生型雌性埃及伊蚊与感染沃巴希亚细菌wAlbB株的雄性埃及伊蚊交配后，由于质胞不相容性，会产生不可行的后代。反复释放感染沃巴希亚细菌的雄蚊可能抑制野生型蚊群，并降低登革热病毒感染风险。

研究组在热带城市国家新加坡开展了一项试验，旨在通过释放感染沃巴希亚细菌wAlbB株的雄性埃及伊蚊控制登革热。这项具有测试阴性对照的聚类随机试验中，将15个地理人口聚类分为两组：8个聚类接受了雄性沃巴希亚感染蚊子的部署（干预聚类），7个聚类未接受部署（对照聚类）。主要终点是诊断任何严重程度的登革热病毒症状性感染（由任何血清型引起），通过比较实验室确认的登革热病例与测试阴性对照中沃巴希亚暴露分布的比值比来衡量。

干预聚类中有393,236位居民，对照聚类中有331,192位居民。成年野生型埃及伊蚊种群在干预聚类中被抑制。蚊子的基础平均丰度（捕获的成年雌蚊数量除以陷阱数量）在干预聚类和对照聚类中分别为0.18和0.19；从干预开始后3个月到24个月试验期结束，平均丰度分别为0.041和0.277。在意向治疗分析中（暴露于沃巴希亚蚊子6个月或更长时间），干预聚类中登革热阳性的居民比例低于对照聚类（5722次测试中354例阳性[6%] vs. 7080次测试中1519例阳性[21%]）。干预的保护效果，计算公式为(1−比值比)×100，在3至12个月或更长时间的沃巴希亚蚊子暴露下，范围从71%到72%，比值比在0.28到0.29之间。

研究结果表明，释放不育的沃巴希亚感染雄性埃及伊蚊减少了新加坡的媒介种群和登革热感染风险。

附：英文原文

Title: Dengue Suppression by Male Wolbachia-Infected Mosquitoes

Author: Jue Tao Lim, Chee-Seng Chong, Chia-Chen Chang, Diyar Mailepessov, Borame Dickens, Yee Ling Lai, Lu Deng, Caleb Lee, Li Yun Tan, Grace Chain, Muhammad Faizal Zulkifli, Jonathan Wee Kent Liew, Kathryn Vasquez, Man Ling Chau, Youming Ng, Vernon Lee, Judith Chui Ching Wong, Shuzhen Sim, Cheong Huat Tan, Lee Ching Ng

Issue&Volume: 2026-02-11

Abstract:

Background

Wild-type female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that mate with male A. aegypti mosquitoes that have been infected with the wAlbB strain of Wolbachia pipientis bacteria produce nonviable offspring owing to cytoplasmic incompatibility. Repeated releases of wolbachia-infected males can potentially suppress wild-type mosquito populations and reduce the risk of dengue virus infection.

Methods

We conducted a trial involving the release of male A. aegypti mosquitoes infected with the wAlbB strain of wolbachia bacteria for the control of dengue in Singapore, a tropical city-state. In this cluster-randomized trial with test-negative controls, we divided 15 geographic population clusters into two groups: 8 clusters received deployments of male wolbachia-infected mosquitoes (intervention clusters) and 7 clusters received no deployments (control clusters). The primary end point was the diagnosis of symptomatic dengue virus infection of any severity caused by any serotype of the virus, as measured by the odds ratio for the distribution of wolbachia exposure among laboratory-confirmed reported dengue cases as compared with test-negative controls.

Results

A total of 393,236 residents lived in the intervention clusters, and 331,192 lived in the control clusters. Adult wild-type A. aegypti populations were suppressed across the intervention clusters. The baseline average abundance of the mosquitoes (number of adult female mosquitoes trapped divided by number of traps) was 0.18 and 0.19 in the intervention and control clusters, respectively; from 3 months after the initiation of the intervention until the end of the 24-month trial period, the average abundance was 0.041 and 0.277, respectively. In the intention-to-treat analysis at 6 months or more, the percentage of residents in the intervention clusters who were dengue-positive was lower than that in the control clusters (354 of 5722 tests [6%] vs. 1519 of 7080 tests [21%]). The protective efficacy of the intervention, calculated as (1odds ratio)×100, ranged from 71 to 72% with 3 to 12 months or more of wolbachia mosquito exposure, as represented by odds ratios of 0.28 to 0.29.

Conclusions

Release of sterile wolbachia-infected male A. aegypti mosquitoes reduced vector populations and the risk of dengue infection in Singapore.

DOI: NJ202602110000002

Source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2503304