近日，中国科学院大学段东平团队研究了金属-有机框架中的多元层次结构。相关论文发表在2026年2月12日出版的《德国应用化学》杂志上。

层级结构是支配自然的基本法则之一——从植物根系到人体皮肤，有序结构通过精准构筑的层级孔道与化学成分，优化物质与能量的流动。然而，在人工材料中复现这种精妙设计始终难以实现，因为要在单一体系中同时精准控制孔道架构与化学成分的层级结构面临巨大挑战。

研究组通过发展简便的纳米乳液后合成策略突破这一壁垒，在金属有机框架（MOF）单晶中实现了多变量层级结构，首次创制出兼具顺序排列层级孔（微孔→介孔→大孔）与层级化学组分（差异功能层）的MOF材料。这种真正的仿生构造展现出类似自然系统的电荷传递效率提升与反应动力学加速特性。此外，还可构建突破传统材料极限的新型多变量层级结构，如实现多功能化的"多元层级孔"及实现孔结构杂化的"交联层级孔"。该研究通过纳米世界镜像自然构型智慧，为开发具备生命级效能与复杂度的下一代仿生材料建立新范式。

附：英文原文

Title: Multivariate Hierarchies in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Author: Yang Wang, Zhiyong Zhang, Ben Niu, Jing Li, Hua Sheng, Dongping Duan

Issue&Volume: 2026-02-12

Abstract: Hierarchy is one of the fundamental laws that governs nature, where ordered structures—from plant roots to human skin—optimize mass and energy flow through precisely hierarchical pores and chemical compositions. Mimicking this intricate design in artificial materials has remained elusive, as achieving simultaneous, precisely control over both pore architecture and chemical composition hierarchies within a single system posed great challenges. In this work, by developing a facile nanoemulsion-based post-synthetic strategy, we break this barrier and achieve multivariate hierarchies in metal–organic frameworks (MOF) single crystal, enabling the first creation of MOF with simultaneously sequentially ordered hierarchical pores (micropores→mesopores→macropores) and hierarchical chemical compositions (distinct functional layers). This true biomimicry showcase promoted charge transfer efficiency and accelerated reaction kinetics which are similar to the natural systems. In addition, novel multivariate hierarchies like “multi-element hierarchical pores” for multifunctionality and “cross-linked hierarchical pores” for pore structural hybridization can be also created, transcending traditional material limits. By mirroring nature's hierarchical genius at the nano world, this work establishes a paradigm for the next-generation bio-inspired materials with life-like efficiency and complexity.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.8973821

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.8973821