在这里，研究人员描述了QT45：一种从随机序列池中发现的45个核苷酸聚合酶核酶，它在轻度碱性共晶冰中催化一般RNA模板RNA合成主题化三磷酸三核苷酸（三重）底物。QT45既能以每核苷酸94.1%的保真度合成其互补链，也能以每核苷酸94.1%的保真度合成其自身的一个副本，两者的产率都在72天内达到~0.2%。聚合酶活性在小RNA基序中的发现表明，聚合酶核酶在RNA序列空间中比以前认为的更丰富。
研究人员表示，能够自我复制和进化的化学系统的出现是生命起源中的一个关键事件。RNA聚合酶核糖酶可以复制RNA，但它们的大尺寸和结构复杂性阻碍了自我复制并阻碍了它们的自发出现。
附：英文原文
Title: A small polymerase ribozyme that can synthesize itself and its complementary strand
Author: Edoardo Gianni, Samantha L. Y. Kwok, Christopher J. K. Wan, Kevin Goeij, Bryce E. Clifton, Enrico S. Colizzi, James Attwater, Philipp Holliger
Issue&Volume: 2026-02-12
Abstract: The emergence of a chemical system capable of self-replication and evolution is a critical event in the origin of life. RNA polymerase ribozymes can replicate RNA, but their large size and structural complexity impede self-replication and preclude their spontaneous emergence. Here we describe QT45: a 45-nucleotide polymerase ribozyme, discovered from random sequence pools, that catalyzes general RNA-templated RNA synthesis using trinucleotide triphosphate (triplet) substrates in mildly alkaline eutectic ice. QT45 can synthesize both its complementary strand using a random triplet pool at 94.1% per-nucleotide fidelity, and a copy of itself using defined substrates, both with yields of ~0.2% in 72 days. The discovery of polymerase activity in a small RNA motif suggests that polymerase ribozymes are more abundant in RNA sequence space than previously thought.
DOI: adt2760
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt2760