西湖大学张兵小组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们发现了交感上皮串扰控制皮肤组织驻留记忆T细胞免疫监视。该研究于2026年1月29日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞》杂志上。
研究团队发现，在皮肤中，交感神经与表皮角质形成细胞结合，调节组织驻留记忆CD8+ T （TRM）细胞的局部密度，从而影响区域癌症免疫监测。交感神经不直接与CD8+ TRM细胞交流。相反，它们在基底角化细胞附近形成突触样结构，并通过去甲肾上腺素-ADRB2信号动态调节皮肤CD8+ TRM形成所必需的上皮来源信号。交感神经张力降低可提高上皮来源的信号，促进皮肤上皮中CD8+ TRM的发育，而急性应激时交感神经活性升高则会抑制这一过程。他们的发现揭示了一个神经-上皮-免疫三谱系轴，它可以校准皮肤中局部CD8+ TRM的丰度，从而通过交感神经系统的输入快速调节屏障界面上的免疫监视强度。
据悉，在屏障组织中有效的宿主防御和免疫监视需要多种细胞类型的协调功能。
附：英文原文
Title: Sympathetic-epithelial crosstalk governs tissue-resident memory T cell immunosurveillance in the skin
Author: Peng Zhang, Juju Miao, Haoyue Yu, Hualin Yu, Chao Liu, Luming Zhao, Ping Yang, Ting Zhou, Bing Zhang
Issue&Volume: 2026-01-29
Abstract: Effective host defense and immunosurveillance at barrier tissues require coordinated functions of multiple cell types. Here, we show that in the skin, sympathetic nerves engage with epidermal keratinocytes to regulate the local density of tissue-resident memory CD8+ T (TRM) cells, thereby influencing regional cancer immunosurveillance. Sympathetic nerves do not communicate directly with CD8+ TRM cells. Instead, they form synapse-like structures near basal keratinocytes and dynamically modulate epithelial-derived signals essential for skin CD8+ TRM formation via norepinephrine-ADRB2 signaling. Reduced sympathetic tone elevates epithelial-derived signals to promote CD8+ TRM development in the skin epithelium, while heightened sympathetic activity during acute stress dampens this process. Our findings unveil a neuro-epithelial-immune tri-lineage axis that calibrates local CD8+ TRM abundance in the skin, enabling rapid adjustment of immunosurveillance strength at the barrier interface by inputs from the sympathetic nervous system.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.12.043
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)01492-8