苏黎世大学M. G. A. van der Heijden课题组取得一项新突破。他们的研究显示，农药残留改变土壤的分类和功能生物多样性。该研究于2026年1月28日发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然》杂志上。

本文研究了63种农药对26个欧洲国家373个地点的土壤古细菌、细菌、真菌、原生生物、线虫、节肢动物和关键功能基因群的影响，这些地点包括林地、草原和农田。在70%的地点检测到农药残留，农药残留是土壤生物多样性模式的第二大驱动因素，仅次于土壤性质。他们的分析进一步揭示了生物和功能特异性模式，强调了土壤生物多样性的复杂和广泛的非目标效应。农药改变了微生物的功能，包括磷和氮循环，抑制了有益的类群，包括分枝菌根真菌和细菌线虫。他们的发现强调需要将功能和分类特征整合到未来的风险评估方法中，以保护土壤生物多样性，这是生态系统功能的基石。

据介绍，农药广泛分布于土壤中，但其对土壤生物多样性的影响仍知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: Pesticide residues alter taxonomic and functional biodiversity in soils

Author: Kninger, J., Labouyrie, M., Ballabio, C., Dulya, O., Mikryukov, V., Romero, F., Franco, A., Bahram, M., Panagos, P., Jones, A., Tedersoo, L., Orgiazzi, A., Briones, M. J. I., van der Heijden, M. G. A.

Issue&Volume: 2026-01-28

Abstract: Pesticides are widely distributed in soils1,2,3, yet their effects on soil biodiversity remain poorly understood4,5,6,7. Here we examined the effects of 63 pesticides on soil archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists, nematodes, arthropods and key functional gene groups across 373 sites spanning woodlands, grasslands and croplands in 26 European countries. Pesticide residues were detected in 70% of sites and emerged as the second strongest driver of soil biodiversity patterns after soil properties. Our analysis further revealed organism- and function-specific patterns, emphasizing complex and widespread non-target effects on soil biodiversity. Pesticides altered microbial functions, including phosphorus and nitrogen cycling, and suppressed beneficial taxa, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacterivore nematodes. Our findings highlight the need to integrate functional and taxonomic characteristics into future risk assessment methodology to safeguard soil biodiversity, a cornerstone of ecosystem functioning.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09991-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09991-z