近日，华东师范大学刘少华团队报道了两亲性反应界面实现介观共价有机骨架的可控合成。2026年1月12日出版的《德国应用化学》杂志发表了这项成果。

研究组构建了稳定且形貌可调的反应性界面，通过Schiff碱反应衍生的两亲性基团自组装实现，无需表面活性剂即可稳定界面，且其形态可由脂肪胺的疏水链长（C4–C12）灵活调控。界面限制作用降低了成核势垒，局域单体富集加速反应进程，从而可在温和条件下可控合成具有多类介观架构（球形/带状/片状）的共价有机框架（COFs）。进一步在界面上引入二氧化硅纳米球可共组装形成稳定纳米级Pickering乳液（需注释：皮克林乳液），从而突破本征孔径限制合成出具有可调大介孔（17-40 nm）的分级多孔COFs。

所得非对称半球形空心mCOFPEA（BET比表面积561.9 m² g^-1）作为潜在的碘载体（负载量30.18 wt.%），展现出优异的电化学性能：初始容量达202.9 mAh g^-1（占理论值96.16%），经2500次循环后仍保持132.8 mAh g^-1，这得益于其介孔结构和非对称形貌带来的表面积增加及暴露更多活性位点、增强离子传输能力的特性。

附：英文原文

Title: Amphiphilic Reactive Interfaces Enable Controlled Synthesis of Mesoscopic Covalent Organic Frameworks

Author: Hao Chen, Gaijuan Guo, Wenda Li, Shanzhe Ke, Hongyi Zhang, Jianwei Fu, Chengbin Jing, Shaohua Liu

Issue&Volume: 2026-01-12

Abstract: Interfaces serve as powerful, versatile platforms that have significantly advanced the development of novel materials. However, bottom-up construction of reactive interfaces for controlled synthesis of crystalline porous materials still remains a substantial challenge. Here, we constructed a stable, morphology-tunable reactive interface by spontaneous self-assembly of amphiphilic moiety derived from Schiff base reactions, featuring the surfactant-free stabilization and versatile interface morphology readily adjusted by hydrophobic chain length (C4–C12) of aliphatic amines. Such interface confinement lowers nucleation barriers while the localized monomer enrichment speeds reactions, thus enabling a mild, facile, and controlled synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with diverse mesoscopic architectures (spherical/ribbon/sheet). Further introducing colloidal SiO2 nanospheres on the interfaces can co-assemble and form stable nanoscale Pickering emulsions, yielding hierarchical porous COFs with tunable, large mesopores (17-40 nm) beyond the intrinsic pore size limitation. The resulting asymmetric hemispherical hollow mCOFPEA (BET surface area of 561.9 m2 g1) as a potential iodine host (30.18 wt.% loading) delivered remarkable electrochemical performance with an initial capacity of 202.9 mAh g1 (96.16% of theoretical value) and retained 132.8 mAh g1 after 2500 cycles, profited from their mesoporosity and asymmetric morphology with an increased surface area, exposed more active sites and enhanced ion transport ability.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202517356

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202517356