近日，四川大学傅强团队研究了基于碱/尿素绿色溶解体系的脱乙酰介导增强再生几丁质纤维。2025年9月24日出版的《中国高分子科学杂志》发表了这项成果。

几丁质以其富含氮的乙酰氨基和氨基为特征，赋予其独特的阳离子性质，使几丁质在各种应用中具有不可或缺的特征。尽管甲壳素纤维在纺织工业，特别是在可持续和功能性织物应用方面具有重要的前景，但其实际利用仍然受到机械强度不足的限制。去乙酰化程度（DD）是一种关键的分子水平结构决定因素，尽管它在多个尺度上影响几丁质性质的关键作用，但在以往的研究中尚未得到充分的解决。

研究组使用脱乙酰基介导的设计策略，通过使用KOH/尿素水溶液溶解系统来实现增强的机械性能和多功能功效。他们制备了一系列不同DD值的脱乙酰甲壳质，系统研究了脱乙酰化对再生纤维多尺度结构的影响，如分子水平上的分子间相互作用和链取向，以及凝胶状态下甲壳质纳米纤维和微/纳米尺度上干燥纤维的聚集行为。通过依靠KOH/尿素水溶液溶解系统实现增强的机械性能和多功能功效。此外，脱乙酰化增强了分子间的相互作用，导致内部结构致密化，纤维取向性得到改善。同时，它增强了纤维的抗菌功能。这种脱乙酰基介导的设计策略加深了对再生甲壳素结构和性质的理解，并促进了甲壳素在强韧和可持续纤维中的应用。

附：英文原文

Title: Enhanced Regenerated Chitin Fiber by a Deacetylation-mediated Strategy Based on Alkali/Urea Green Dissolution System

Author: Sen Xue, Hong Tan, Qiang Fu

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-24

Abstract: Chitin, distinguished by its nitrogen-rich acetamido and amino groups, imparts a distinctive cationic nature, enabling chitin to have indispensable features in various applications. Despite its significant promise in the textile industry, particularly for sustainable and functional fabric applications, the practical utilization of chitin fibers remains constrained by insufficient mechanical strength. The degree of deacetylation (DD), a key molecular-level structural determinant, has not been adequately addressed in previous studies despite its critical role in influencing chitin properties across multiple scales. In this study, a deacetylation-mediated design strategy was used to achieve enhanced mechanical performance coupled with multifunctional efficacy using an aqueous KOH/urea solution dissolution system. We prepared a series of deacetylated chitins with different DD values and systematically studied the effect of deacetylation on the multiple-scale structure of regenerated fibers, such as intermolecular interactions and chain orientation at the molecular level, and the aggregation behavior of chitin nanofibers within the gel-state and dried fibers at the micro/nano scale. To achieve an enhanced mechanical performance coupled with multifunctional efficacy by relying on an aqueous KOH/urea solution dissolution system. Moreover, deacetylation enhances intermolecular interactions, resulting in densified internal structures and improved fiber orientation. Concomitantly, it augmented the antimicrobial functionality of the fibers. This deacetylation-mediated design strategy provides a deeper understanding of the structure and properties of regenerated chitin and advances the utility of chitin in strong and sustainable fibers.

DOI: 10.1007/s10118-025-3411-x

Source: https://www.cjps.org/en/article/doi/10.1007/s10118-025-3411-x/