近日，美国普渡大学Manfra, Michael团队揭示了手性Luttinger液体中普遍的任意子隧穿。这一研究成果于2025年9月23日发表《自然—物理学》杂志上。

人们用手性Luttinger液体理论描述分数量子霍尔液体的边缘模式。尽管经过多年的实验研究，分数量子霍尔边缘模式并没有完全被理解，并且在实验观察和手性Luttinger液体理论的详细预测之间仍然存在明显的差异。

研究组报告了在量子点接触的填充因子为1/3时反传播边缘模式之间的隧穿电导的测量。研究组提供的证据表明，任何粒子在不可压缩液体中隧穿，在温度、漏阻偏和势垒传输方面表现出普遍的标度行为，正如先前的理论工作最初提出的那样。对于通过量子点接触的大传输，研究组在29个独立数据集上平均测量了隧穿指数g=0.333±0.005，与边缘处Laughlin准粒子的1/6尺度一致。结合分数电荷的测量和最近观测到的任意子统计角，测量的隧穿指数充分表征了填充因子为1/3时初级劳克林态的拓扑顺序。

附：英文原文

Title: Universal anyon tunnelling in a chiral Luttinger liquid

Author: Guerrero-Suarez, Ramon, Suresh, Adithya, Maiti, Tanmay, Liang, Shuang, Nakamura, James, Gardner, Geoffrey, Chamon, Claudio, Manfra, Michael

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-23

Abstract: The edge modes of fractional quantum Hall liquids are described by chiral Luttinger liquid theory. Despite many years of experimental investigation, fractional quantum Hall edge modes are not fully understood, and clear discrepancies between experimental observations and detailed predictions of chiral Luttinger liquid theory remain. Here we report the measurements of tunnelling conductance between counterpropagating edge modes at a filling factor of 1/3 across a quantum point contact. We present evidence for the tunnelling of anyons through an incompressible liquid that exhibits universal scaling behaviour with respect to temperature, source–drain bias and barrier transmission, as originally proposed by prior theoretical work. For large transmission through the quantum point contact, we measured the tunnelling exponent g=0.333±0.005 averaged over 29 independent datasets, consistent with the scaling dimension of 1/6 for a Laughlin quasiparticle at the edge. When combined with the measurements of the fractional charge and the recently observed anyonic statistical angle, the measured tunnelling exponent fully characterizes the topological order of the primary Laughlin state at the filling factor of 1/3.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03039-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-03039-9