中国农业科学院油料作物研究所刘立江团队的研究发现β-1,3-葡聚糖合成酶样5的失活赋予十字花科植物对芸苔病的广谱抗性。这一研究成果于2025年9月1日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—遗传学》上。

由专性寄生的根肿菌门原生生物芸苔根肿菌（Plasmodiophora brassicae）引起的根肿病对全球十字花科作物具有毁灭性危害。现代品种虽具备病原小种特异性抗性，但田间广泛分布的根肿菌病理型常能突破其防线，为病害的持久防控带来挑战。

本研究通过为期三年的全基因组关联分析，对244份已完成基因组重测序的甘蓝型油菜材料进行田间根肿病表型鉴定，发现β-1,3-葡聚糖合成酶样5 （GSL5）与感病性密切相关。GSL5具有进化保守性，通过基因组编辑技术敲除拟南芥、甘蓝型油菜、芸薹属白菜和甘蓝中的GSL5基因后，这些作物对根肿菌多种病理型均表现出广谱高效抗性，且甘蓝型油菜未见产量损失。GSL5功能缺失会解除根肿菌二次侵染期间对茉莉酸介导免疫反应的抑制，而根肿菌效应因子可能通过稳定GSL5蛋白强化这种免疫抑制机制，从而促进感病性。该研究不仅为十字花科根肿病防治提供了持久的抗性遗传资源，也为植物抵御真核细胞内病原菌的机制提供了新见解。

附：英文原文

Title: Inactivation of β-1,3-glucan synthase-like 5 confers broad-spectrum resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes in cruciferous plants

Author: Wu, Yupo, Zhao, Chuanji, Zhang, Yi, Shen, Cuicui, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Xiong, Gao, Lixia, Zeng, Lingyi, Ke, Qinglin, Qin, Li, Liu, Fan, Huang, Junyan, Ren, Li, Liu, Yueying, Cheng, Hongtao, Tong, Chaobo, Hu, Qiong, Cheng, Xiaohui, Wei, Yangdou, Liu, Shengyi, Liu, Lijiang

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-01

Abstract: Clubroot disease, caused by the obligate intracellular rhizarian protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, is devastating to cruciferous crops worldwide. Widespread field P.brassicae pathotypes frequently overcome the pathotype-specific resistance of modern varieties, posing a challenge for durable control of this disease. Here a genome-wide association study of 3years of data comprising field clubroot phenotyping of 244 genome-resequenced Brassica napus accessions identified a strong association of β-1,3-glucan synthase-like 5 (GSL5) with clubroot susceptibility. GSL5 was evolutionarily conserved, and inactivation of GSL5 by genome editing in Arabidopsis, B.napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea conferred broad-spectrum, high-level resistance to P.brassicae pathotypes without yield penalties in B.napus. GSL5 inactivation derepressed the jasmonic acid-mediated immunity during P.brassicae secondary infection, and this immune repression was possibly reinforced through stabilization of GSL5 by a P.brassicae effector, facilitating clubroot susceptibility. Our study provides durable resistance resources for cruciferous clubroot disease control and insights into plant resistance against intracellular eukaryotic phytopathogens.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02306-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-025-02306-y