加州大学Hillel Adesnik团队探明了重复模式完成驱动感觉推理的新皮层表征。相关论文发表在2025年9月15日出版的《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

在这里，小组在小鼠身上进行了错觉控制（ICs）、多神经像素测量、中尺度双光子（2p）钙成像和2p全息光遗传学来揭示感觉推理的神经编码和回路。该课题组在初级视觉皮层（V1）中发现了一个特殊的神经元子集，它对错觉条有紧急反应，但对组成图像段没有反应。这些“IC编码器”的选择性全息光激活在没有任何视觉刺激的情况下重建了V1中ICs的视觉表征。这些数据表明，编码感觉推理的神经元专门用于接收和局部传播自上而下的信息。更一般地说，下皮层区域的模式完成回路可能选择性地加强与先前预期相匹配的活动模式，构成知觉推断的一个完整步骤。

据悉，当感觉信息不完整时，大脑依赖于先前的预期来推断感知对象。尽管这一过程在知觉中处于中心地位，但感觉推理的神经机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Recurrent pattern completion drives the neocortical representation of sensory inference

Author: Shin, Hyeyoung, Ogando, Mora B., Abdeladim, Lamiae, Jagadisan, Uday K., Durand, Severine, Hardcastle, Ben, Belski, Hannah, Cabasco, Hannah, Loefler, Henry, Bawany, Ahad, Wilkes, Josh, Nguyen, Katrina, Suarez, Lucas, Johnson, Tye, Han, Warren, Ouellette, Ben, Grasso, Conor, Swapp, Jackie, Ha, Vivian, Young, Ahrial, Caldejon, Shiella, Williford, Ali, Groblewski, Peter A., Olsen, Shawn, Kiselycznyk, Carly, Lecoq, Jerome, Adesnik, Hillel

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-15

Abstract: When sensory information is incomplete, the brain relies on prior expectations to infer perceptual objects. Despite the centrality of this process to perception, the neural mechanisms of sensory inference are not understood. Here we used illusory contours (ICs), multi-Neuropixels measurements, mesoscale two-photon (2p) calcium imaging and 2p holographic optogenetics in mice to reveal the neural codes and circuits of sensory inference. We discovered a specialized subset of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) that respond emergently to illusory bars but not to component image segments. Selective holographic photoactivation of these ‘IC-encoders’ recreated the visual representation of ICs in V1 in the absence of any visual stimulus. These data imply that neurons that encode sensory inference are specialized for receiving and locally broadcasting top-down information. More generally, pattern completion circuits in lower cortical areas may selectively reinforce activity patterns that match prior expectations, constituting an integral step in perceptual inference.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02055-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-02055-5