移栽是当代蔬菜栽培的一项重要技术；机械化移栽是机械、土壤和植物相互作用的复杂过程，最终制约了机械化移栽的质量。目前，由于机器-土壤-植物相互作用机制不明确，垂直移栽问题难以解决。
研究组通过EDEM-Recurdyn联合仿真建立了机-土-钵苗耦合仿真模型，分析移栽过程中移栽机对土壤和钵苗的扰动。仿真实验结果表明，移植点轨迹特征值和鸭嘴开口角度是影响移植效果的主要因素。通过回归模型预测，当特征值λ为1.1，鸭嘴开口角γ为33.3°，开口时间t为0.4 s时，移植效果最佳，对应土壤回流比为0.44，土壤扰动比为1.29，垂直度为79.83°。将模拟结果与现场试验结果进行比较，土壤回流比、土壤扰动比和垂直度的平均误差分别为2.14%、2.46%和1.86%。实验结果表明，该仿真模型能有效反映移栽过程中的物理变化，可为移栽装置的优化设计提供参考。
附：英文原文
Title: Optimization of transplanting mechanism working parameters based on a coupled machine-soil-pot seedling model
Author: Xin Jin, Guoqing Zhao, Mingyong Li, Shaofan Li, Liming Zhou, Jia Liang, Xiaolin Xie, Bingheng Hou
Issue&Volume: 2025/11/01
Abstract: Transplanting represents a vital technique in contemporary vegetable cultivation; mechanized transplanting entails a complex process characterized by interactions among machine, soil, and plants, which ultimately constrains the quality of mechanized transplanting. Currently, due to the unclear mechanism of machine-soil–plant interaction, it is difficult to solve the problem of transplanting verticality. To this end, this study established a machine-soil-pot seedling coupled simulation model through EDEM-Recurdyn co-simulation to analyze the disturbance of the soil and pot seedling by the transplanter during the transplanting process. Simulation experiment results indicate that the trajectory eigenvalue of the transplanting point and the opening angle of the duckbill are the main factors affecting transplanting effects. Through regression modelling, it is predicted that when the eigenvalue λ is 1.1, the duckbill opening angle γ is 33.3°, and the opening time t is 0.4 s, the transplanting effects are optimal, corresponding to the soil backflow ratio of 0.44, the soil disturbance ratio of 1.29, and the verticality of 79.83°. By comparing the results of the simulation with field experiments, the average errors of soil backflow ratio, soil disturbance ratio, and verticality were 2.14 %, 2.46 %, and 1.86 %, respectively. The experiment results show that the simulation model can effectively reflect the physical changes during the transplanting process and can provide a reference for the optimization of the transplanting device design.
DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2025.110786
Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168169925008920
（来源：艾思科蓝）
论文期刊：Computers and Electronics in Agriculture