近日，成都理工大学唐亮研究了采矿金属的来源及其向土壤的迁移：以中国西南拉拉矿区为例。2025年8月18日，《地球化学学报》杂志发表了这一成果。

采矿活动造成的土壤有毒金属污染对生态安全和人类福祉构成威胁，但对其运输机制的研究不足。针对这一问题，研究组结合PCA-APCS-MLR模型、水文和土壤剖面分析以及地理探测器技术，探讨了中国四川省拉拉矿区土壤金属富集与采矿活动之间的联系，并对土壤污染进行了评估。

研究组确定了土壤中金属的三种主要来源：地质背景、采矿活动和工业排放。采矿活动是土壤中Mn（13.6%）、Cu（33.9%）、Mo（69.1%）和As（40.0%）的主要来源，而工业投入对Pb（63.8%）、Zn（67.4%）和Cd（83.6%）的贡献。干湿沉降决定了矿区金属在土壤中的扩散模式。其中粗粒矿渣主要在矿区周围沉降，细粒矿渣则被盛行的西南风吹向北方，导致向北和远距离迁移。该发现对于评估采矿业在干旱环境中的足迹很重要。

附：英文原文

Title: Sources and transportation of mining metals to soil: A case study from the Lala mining area, Southwest China

Author: Yang, Fang, Xu, Lei, Tang, Liang, Dai, Li, Liu, Xuemin, Werner, Tim T., Qu, Lingfei, Liao, Xuefeng, Li, Yang, Wang, Junbo

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-18

Abstract: Soil contamination with toxic metals from mining activities poses a risk to ecological security and human well-being, but research on their transport mechanisms is inadequate. Addressing this, this study combines the PCA-APCS-MLR model, hydrological and soil profile analyses, and geographic detector techniques within the Lala mining area, Sichuan Province, China, to explore the connection between soil metal enrichment and mining activities and to assess soil contamination. We identified three primary sources of metals in soils: geogenic background, mining activities, and industrial emissions. Mining activities are the primary source for Mn (13.6%), Cu (33.9%), Mo (69.1%), and As (40.0%) in soil, while industrial inputs contribute to Pb (63.8%), Zn (67.4%), and Cd (83.6%). Meanwhile, dry and wet deposition drove the dispersal mode of mine metals to the soil in the study area. Specifically, coarse mine wastes primarily settle around the mine sites, whereas fine particulates are carried northward by prevailing southwest winds, leading to northward and long-range transport. Our findings are important for assessing the mining industry’s footprint in arid environments.

DOI: 10.1007/s11631-025-00810-w

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11631-025-00810-w