近日，华东师范大学张伟团队研究了集成低温PVC和聚烯烃升级。该研究于2025年8月14日发表在《科学》杂志上。

聚烯烃及其氯化衍生物（如聚氯乙烯）是全球生产和废物流中最普遍的塑料之一。传统的垃圾发电方法，如焚烧和热解，以及大多数PVC利用的化学升级回收方法，都需要彻底的高温脱氯，以防止有毒氯化化合物的释放。

研究组提出了一种利用氯铝酸盐离子液体催化的单级工艺将废弃PVC转化为无氯燃料烃类和HCl的策略。该方法在低温串联过程中用放热烷基化和异丁烷或异戊烷的氢转移来抵消吸热脱氯和C-C键裂解。轻异烷烃可以从炼油过程中获得，部分可以从产品流的回收中获得。该工艺适用于处理真实世界的混合和污染的PVC和聚烯烃废物流。

附：英文原文

Title: Integrated low-temperature PVC and polyolefin upgrading

Author: Wei Zhang, Boda Yang, Benjamin A. Jackson, Junbo Zhao, Honghong Shi, Donald M. Camaioni, Sungmin Kim, Huamin Wang, János Szanyi, Mal-Soon Lee, Jingguang G. Chen, Johannes A. Lercher

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-14

Abstract: Polyolefins and their chlorinated derivatives (e.g., PVC) are among the most prevalent plastics in global production and waste streams. Traditional waste-to-energy methods, such as incineration and pyrolysis, as well as most chemical upcycling methods for PVC utilization, require thorough, high-temperature dechlorination to prevent the release of toxic chlorinated compounds. We present here a strategy for upgrading discarded PVC into chlorine-free fuel range hydrocarbons and HCl in a single-stage process, catalyzed by chloroaluminate ionic liquids. This approach offsets endothermic dechlorination and C-C bond cleavage with exothermic alkylation and hydrogen transfer by isobutane or isopentane in a low-temperature tandem process. The light isoalkanes are available from refinery processes and partly from recycling of the product stream. The process is suitable for handling real-world mixed and contaminated PVC and polyolefin waste streams.

DOI: adx5285

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adx5285