近日，天津大学胡文彬团队揭示了异域电解液设计可实现600wh kg^-1锂金属袋电池。相关论文于2025年8月13日发表在《自然》杂志上。

高能锂金属电池（LMBs）的发展对于下一代储能和电动汽车技术的进步至关重要。然而，LMB的实际应用受到当前电解质设计的限制，这些设计本质上依赖于主要的溶剂化结构，阻碍了性能优化的变革进展。

研究组通过一种非定域电解质设计来解决这一限制，该设计促进了更无序的溶剂化微环境，从而减轻了动态障碍并稳定了界面相。

所得离域电解质在两种软包电池中实现显著能量密度：采用贫电解液设计(1.0克/安时)的5.5安时镍钴锰酸锂(Ni90)||锂电池达604.2瓦时/千克，采用超贫电解液设计(0.9克/安时)的5.2安时Ni90||锂电池达618.2瓦时/千克，并分别维持100次与90次循环的稳定性能。此外，70–104伏NCM811||锂电池组(3,904瓦时)展现出480.9瓦时/千克的高能量密度及25次循环的稳定表现。这些结果表明，在电解质设计中需要克服对主要溶剂化结构的固有依赖，以实现高能Battery600和可扩展的Pack480目标。

附：英文原文

Title: Delocalized electrolyte design enables 600 Wh kg1 lithium metal pouch cells

Author: Huang, He, Hu, Yitao, Hou, Yajun, Wang, Xingkai, Dong, Qiujiang, Zhao, Zhixin, Ji, Mingfang, Zhang, Wanxing, Li, Jinyang, Xie, Jianping, Guo, Hao, Han, Xiaopeng, Ouyang, Xiaoping, Hu, Wenbin

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-13

Abstract: The development of high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is essential for advances in next-generation energy storage and electric vehicle technologies1,2,3. Nevertheless, the practical applications of LMBs are constrained by current electrolyte designs that inherently rely on dominant solvation structures, preventing transformative progress in performance optimization4,5. Here, we address this limitation through a delocalized electrolyte design that fosters a more disordered solvation microenvironment, thereby mitigating dynamic barriers and stabilizing interphases. The resulting delocalized electrolyte delivers notable energy densities of 604.2Whkg1 in a 5.5-Ah LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (Ni90)||Li pouch cell with a lean electrolyte design (1.0gAh1) and 618.2Whkg1 in a 5.2-Ah Ni90||Li pouch cell with an ultralean electrolyte design (0.9gAh1), maintaining significant cycle stability over 100 and 90 cycles, respectively. In addition, the 70–104V NCM811||Li battery pack (3,904Wh) exhibits a high energy density of 480.9Whkg1 and stable cycling over 25 cycles. These results demonstrate the need to circumvent inherent reliance on dominant solvation structures in electrolyte design to achieve the high-energy Battery600 and scalable Pack480 targets.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09382-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09382-4