近日，美国加州理工学院Mirhosseini, Mohammad团队研究了微波光子的机械量子存储器。这一研究成果于2025年8月13日发表在《自然—物理学》杂志上。

超导量子比特在微波域处理量子信息方面具有突出的能力；然而，它们的相干时间有限。光子和声子之间的界面可以使量子信息存储在长寿命的机械振荡器中。

研究组引入了一个平台，该平台依赖于纳米级结构中的静电力来实现超导量子比特和纳米机械振荡器之间的强耦合，其能量衰减时间（T₁）约为25Ms，远远超过了集成超导电路所取得的成就。研究组在这个系统中使用量子操作来研究机械退相干的微观起源并减轻其影响。通过主题化双脉冲动态解耦序列，可以将相干时间（T₂）从64μs到1ms。这些发现表明，机械振荡器可以作为超导器件的量子存储器，在量子计算、传感和转导方面具有潜在的未来应用。

附：英文原文

Title: A mechanical quantum memory for microwave photons

Author: Bozkurt, Alkm B., Golami, Omid, Yu, Yue, Tian, Hao, Mirhosseini, Mohammad

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-13

Abstract: Superconducting qubits possess outstanding capabilities for processing quantum information in the microwave domain; however they have limited coherence times. An interface between photons and phonons could allow quantum information to be stored in long-lived mechanical oscillators. Here, we introduce a platform that relies on electrostatic forces in nanoscale structures to achieve strong coupling between a superconducting qubit and a nanomechanical oscillator with an energy decay time (T1) of approximately 25ms, well beyond those achieved in integrated superconducting circuits. We use quantum operations in this system to investigate the microscopic origins of mechanical decoherence and mitigate its impact. By using two-pulse dynamical decoupling sequences, we can extend the coherence time (T2) from 64μs to 1ms. These findings establish that mechanical oscillators can act as quantum memories for superconducting devices, with potential future applications in quantum computing, sensing and transduction.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02975-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02975-w