美国加州大学Nir Yosef团队的最新研究发现，多模态分析揭示了人类免疫细胞随年龄变化的组织定向特征。这一研究成果于2025年8月13日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—免疫学》上。

在这里，该课题组研究人员综合分析了来自24个年龄在20-75岁的器官供者的血液、淋巴和粘膜组织的125万个免疫细胞的RNA和表面蛋白表达。课题组研究人员注释了主要谱系(T细胞,B 细胞，先天淋巴样细胞和骨髓细胞)和相应的亚群主题的多模态分类器和概率模型跨组织部位和年龄的比较。研究团队确定了在整个谱系中对免疫细胞组成和功能的显性位点特异性影响；粘膜部位巨噬细胞的年龄相关效应表现为部位和谱系，B淋巴器官细胞和循环T血液和组织中的细胞和自然杀伤细胞。他们的研究结果揭示了整个身体免疫稳态的组织特异性特征，由此定义了人类一生中的免疫病理。

据悉，免疫系统由多个细胞系和亚群组成，在整个生命周期中维持在组织中，组织和年龄对免疫细胞功能的影响尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Multimodal profiling reveals tissue-directed signatures of human immune cells altered with age

Author: Wells, Steven B., Rainbow, Daniel B., Mark, Michal, Szabo, Peter A., Ergen, Can, Caron, Daniel P., Maceiras, Ana Raquel, Rahmani, Elior, Benuck, Eli, Valiollah Pour Amiri, Valeh, Chen, David, Wagner, Allon, Howlett, Sarah K., Jarvis, Lorna B., Ellis, Karen L., Kubota, Masaru, Matsumoto, Rei, Mahbubani, Krishnaa, Saeb-Parsy, Kouresh, Conde, Cecilia Dominguez, Richardson, Laura, Xu, Chuan, Li, Shuang, Mamanova, Lira, Bolt, Liam, Wilk, Alicja, Teichmann, Sarah A., Farber, Donna L., Sims, Peter A., Jones, Joanne L., Yosef, Nir

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-13

Abstract: The immune system comprises multiple cell lineages and subsets maintained in tissues throughout the lifespan, with unknown effects of tissue and age on immune cell function. Here we comprehensively profiled RNA and surface protein expression of over 1.25 million immune cells from blood and lymphoid and mucosal tissues from 24 organ donors aged 20–75years. We annotated major lineages (Tcells, Bcells, innate lymphoid cells and myeloid cells) and corresponding subsets using a multimodal classifier and probabilistic modeling for comparison across tissue sites and age. We identified dominant site-specific effects on immune cell composition and function across lineages; age-associated effects were manifested by site and lineage for macrophages in mucosal sites, Bcells in lymphoid organs, and circulating Tcells and natural killer cells across blood and tissues. Our results reveal tissue-specific signatures of immune homeostasis throughout the body, from which to define immune pathologies across the human lifespan.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-025-02241-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-025-02241-4