中国农业科学院黄三文小组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们揭示了古代杂交是马铃薯系谱形成和辐射的基础。2025年7月31日，国际知名学术期刊《细胞》发表了这一成果。
通过对128个基因组的分析，包括88个单倍型解析的基因组，研究团队发现Petota是一个古老的杂交起源，所有成员都表现出稳定的混合基因组祖先，来自于Etuberosum和Tomato谱系。800万到900万年前他们的功能实验进一步验证了亲本基因在结核形成中的关键作用，表明种间杂交是这一创新性状的关键驱动因素。这一特性，以及杂交衍生多态性的分选和重组，可能通过占据更广泛的生态位，引发了Petota物种的爆炸性多样化。这些发现强调了古代杂交如何促进关键的创新并推动随后的物种辐射。
研究人员表示，种间杂交可能通过产生等位基因组合和性状而引发物种辐射。栽培马铃薯及其来自Petota谱系的107个野生近缘种都具有地下块茎的独特特征，但块茎形成的潜在机制及其与广泛物种多样化的关系尚不清楚。
附：英文原文
Title: Ancient hybridization underlies tuberization and radiation of the potato lineage
Author: Zhiyang Zhang, Pingxian Zhang, Yiyuan Ding, Zefu Wang, Zhaoxu Ma, Edeline Gagnon, Yuxin Jia, Lin Cheng, Zhigui Bao, Zinan Liu, Yaoyao Wu, Yong Hu, Qun Lian, Weichao Lin, Nan Wang, Keyi Ye, Hongru Wang, Jinzhe Zhang, Yongfeng Zhou, Liang Liu, Suhua Li, William J. Lucas, Tiina Srkinen, Sandra Knapp, Loren H. Rieseberg, Jianquan Liu, Sanwen Huang
Issue&Volume: 2025-07-31
Abstract: Interspecific hybridization may trigger species radiation by creating allele combinations and traits. Cultivated potato and its 107 wild relatives from the Petota lineage all share the distinctive trait of underground tubers, but the underlying mechanisms for tuberization and its relationship to extensive species diversification remain unclear. Through analyses of 128 genomes, including 88 haplotype-resolved genomes, we revealed that Petota is of ancient hybrid origin, with all members exhibiting stable mixed genomic ancestry, derived from the Etuberosum and Tomato lineages ca. 8–9 million years ago. Our functional experiments further validated the crucial roles of parental genes in tuberization, indicating that interspecific hybridization is a key driver of this innovative trait. This trait, along with the sorting and recombination of hybridization-derived polymorphisms, likely triggered the explosive species diversification of Petota by enabling occupation of broader ecological niches. These findings highlight how ancient hybridization fosters key innovation and drives subsequent species radiation.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.06.034
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)00736-6