在这里，研究人员设计并生成了一个4 Mb的大肠杆菌合成基因组，研究人员用同义密码子替换了已知的6个意义密码子和一个停止密码子。合成的生物体Syn57有55个密码子来编码20个典型氨基酸。
据了解，几乎通用的遗传密码主题64个密码子编码20个典型氨基酸和蛋白质合成。
附：英文原文
Title: Escherichia coli with a 57-codon genetic code
Author: Wesley E. Robertson, Fabian B. H. Rehm, Martin Spinck, Raffael L. Schumann, Rongzhen Tian, Wei Liu, Yangqi Gu, Askar A. Kleefeldt, Cicely F. Day, Kim C. Liu, Yonka Christova, Jérme F. Zürcher, Franz L. Bge, Jakob Birnbaum, Linda van Bijsterveldt, Jason W. Chin
Issue&Volume: 2025-07-31
Abstract: The near-universal genetic code uses 64 codons to encode the 20 canonical amino acids and protein synthesis. Here we designed and generated Escherichia coli with a 4 Mb synthetic genome in which we replaced known occurrences of six sense codons and a stop codon with synonymous codons. The resulting organism, Syn57, uses 55 codons to encode the 20 canonical amino acids.
DOI: ady4368
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ady4368