近日，昆明理工大学教授王骄健及其课题组研究出绘制人类和猕猴跨物种大脑连接图谱和颞极半球不对称。2025年7月30日，国际知名学术期刊《神经科学通报》发表了这一成果。

课题组人员以光谱分选算法为主题，定义了具有不同解剖连接模式的跨物种细粒度TP图谱。小组在人类和猕猴的TP中发现了三个相似的亚区，两个腹侧和一个背侧。通过功能梯度映射、解剖连通性和静息状态功能连通性模式分析以及功能表征，验证了TP的包封方案。

此外，结合Allen人类大脑图谱，研究小组揭示了每个人类TP亚区功能连接模式的分子基础。此外，该课题组人员比较了平均灰质体积、解剖连接指纹和全脑功能连接模式的半球不对称，以揭示TP的进化差异，发现人类和猕猴之间存在不同的不对称模式。总之，他们的发现揭示了结构和连接的不对称可能是大脑半球功能专门化的基础，并为理解颞叶的进化起源提供了新的见解。

据悉，颞极（TP）是人类大脑皮层中相对于其他灵长类动物扩展最大的区域之一，在人类语言处理中起着至关重要的作用。它也是结构和功能最不对称的区域之一。然而，人类和猕猴是否共享颞叶的功能结构是一个悬而未决的问题。

附：英文原文

Title: Mapping the Cross-species Brain Connectivity Atlas and Hemispheric Asymmetry of the Temporal Pole in Humans and Macaques

Author: Sun, Qinyao, Zhu, Shunli, Yang, Futing, Chen, Zhigang, Li, Heling, Shao, Heng, Wang, Hong, Xie, Sangma, Wang, Jiaojian

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-30

Abstract: The temporal pole (TP), one of the most expanded cortical regions in humans relative to other primates, plays a crucial role in human language processing. It is also one of the most structurally and functionally asymmetric regions. However, whether the functional architecture of the TP is shared by humans and macaques is an open question. We used spectral clustering algorithms to define a cross-species fine-grained TP atlas with different anatomical connectivity patterns. We identified three similar subregions, two ventral and one dorsal, within the TP in both humans and macaques. The parcellation scheme for the TP was validated using functional gradient mapping, anatomical connectivity and resting-state functional connectivity pattern analysis, and functional characterization. Furthermore, in conjunction with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we revealed the molecular basis for the functional connectivity patterns of each human TP subregion. In addition, we compared the hemispheric asymmetry in mean gray matter volume, anatomical connectivity fingerprints, and whole brain functional connectivity patterns to reveal the evolutionary differences in the TP and found different asymmetric patterns between humans and macaques. In conclusion, our findings reveal that the asymmetry in structure and connectivity may underpin the hemispheric functional specialization of the brain and provide a novel insight into understanding the evolutionary origin of the TP.

DOI: 10.1007/s12264-025-01460-x

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12264-025-01460-x