近日，郑州轻工业大学景辉团队研究了压缩光力学中的相选择三部纠缠与非对称爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森转向。相关论文发表在2025年7月23日出版的《物理评论A》杂志上。

宏观系统中多部纠缠的产生和操纵以及爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森（EPR）操纵不仅在探索量子力学的本质中起着重要作用，也是当前各种新兴量子技术发展的核心。

研究组报告了一种理论方法，主题是压缩相位控制量子噪声流，以选择性地产生和操纵非线性X(2)低语-长廊模式（WGM）光机械谐振器中的量子纠缠和不对称EPR转向。他们证明了通过用双光子光场和宽带压缩光泵送X(2)非线性介质，可以在WGM谐振器中引入一对反向传播的压缩光模式，每个模式都与一个独立的压缩真空库耦合。这种结构可以实现每个压缩光模式的压缩相位控制光储层相互作用，为在反传播模式中裁剪不对称光噪声流提供了一种灵活的工具。

基于这一独特的特征，研究组发现在非对称噪声流的注入下，各种类型的二、三方纠缠的产生成为相位依赖，它们可以不对称的方式产生。更令人兴奋的是，还发现通过进一步适当调整挤压参数，EPR转向的整体不对称性也可以从无路状态逐步驱动到单向状态，再到双向状态。这些发现有望制备具有不对称特征的丰富类型的纠缠量子资源，可能在量子安全直接通信和单向量子计算等安全量子信息处理领域具有潜在的应用。

附：英文原文

Title: Phase-selective tripartite entanglement and asymmetric Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in squeezed optomechanics

Author: Ya-Feng Jiao, Jie Wang, Dong-Yang Wang, Lei Tang, Yan Wang, Yun-Lan Zuo, Wan-Su Bao, Le-Man Kuang, Hui Jing

Issue&Volume: 2025/07/23

Abstract: The generation and manipulation of multipartite entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering in macroscopic systems not only play a fundamental role in exploring the nature of quantum mechanics, but are also at the core of current developments of various nascent quantum technologies. Here we report a theoretical method using squeezing-phase-controlled quantum noise flows to selectively generate and manipulate quantum entanglement and asymmetric EPR steering in a nonlinear X(2) whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optomechanical resonator. We show that by pumping the X(2) nonlinear medium with two-photon optical fields and broadband squeezed lights, a pair of counterpropagating squeezed optical modes could be introduced to the WGM resonator, each coupled with an independent squeezed vacuum reservoir. This configuration could enable squeezing-phase-controlled light-reservoir interaction for each squeezed optical mode, providing a flexible tool for tailoring asymmetric optical noise flows in the counterpropagating modes. Based on this unique feature, it is found that with the injection of asymmetric noise flows, the generation of various types of bipartite and tripartite entanglement become phase-dependent, and thus they can be produced in an asymmetric way. More excitingly, it is also found that by further properly adjusting the squeezing parameters, the overall asymmetry of EPR steering can also be stepwise driven from a no-way regime, to a one-way regime, to a two-way regime. These findings, holding promise for preparing rich types of entangled quantum resources with asymmetric features, may have potential applications in the area of secure quantum information processing such as quantum secure direct communication and one-way quantum computing.

DOI: 10.1103/m28c-8ggl

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/m28c-8ggl