中山大学徐瑞华研究团队取得一项新突破。他们报道了细骨草增强了实体瘤免疫治疗的疗效。这一研究成果于2025年7月24日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《癌细胞》上。

在他们的研究中，研究团队发现，在多个队列中，细叶蝉（A. finegoldii）与优越的免疫治疗疗效有关。随后的体外和体内实验表明，细尾草通过CXCL16-CXCR6轴增强CD8⁺ T细胞趋化性，增强免疫治疗效果。从机制上说，一种来自金樟的脂蛋白（LIPOAF）通过与Toll样受体2结合，激活核因子κB （NF-κB）信号通路，增加CCR7⁺常规树突状细胞中CXCL16的表达。释放的CXCL16随后促进CXCR6⁺CD8⁺ T细胞募集进入肿瘤微环境，有效抑制肿瘤生长。他们的发现提出了一种很有希望的治疗实体肿瘤的策略，即将细叶假单胞虫与免疫疗法结合起来。

据悉，免疫疗法的出现使癌症治疗发生了革命性的变化。然而，免疫治疗耐药性仍然是广泛临床应用的主要障碍。最近的研究强调肠道微生物群通过调节抗肿瘤免疫来增强免疫治疗。

附：英文原文

Title: Alistipes finegoldii augments the efficacy of immunotherapy against solid tumors

Author: Zhi-Ying Wu, Qi-Wen Wu, Yi Han, Shu-Jing Xiang, Ying-Nan Wang, Wen-Wei Wu, Yan-Xing Chen, Zi-Qing Feng, Yi-Yu Wang, Ze-Gong Xu, Huan-Chun He, Jun-Jie He, Jia-Qi Chen, Hui Sheng, Qi-Hua Zhang, Zi-Xian Wang, Kun Liao, Qi Zhao, Wei-Jian Mei, Pei-Rong Ding, Miao-Zhen Qiu, Feng Wang, Huai-Qiang Ju, Hui-Yan Luo, Xia Zhao, Rui-Hua Xu

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-24

Abstract: The emergence of immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer therapy. However, immunotherapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle for broader clinical application. Recent studies highlight that gut microbiota enhances immunotherapy by modulating anti-tumor immunity. In our investigation, we identify that Alistipes finegoldii (A. finegoldii) is associated with superior immunotherapy efficacy across multiple cohorts. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that A. finegoldii enhances CD8+ T cell chemotaxis via the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis, enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. Mechanistically, a lipoprotein derived from A. finegoldii (LIPOAF) activates the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to augment CXCL16 expression in CCR7+ conventional dendritic cells through binding with the Toll-like receptor 2. Released CXCL16 subsequently facilitates the recruitment of CXCR6+CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment, effectively curbing tumor growth. Our findings suggest a promising strategy for treating solid tumors by combining A. finegoldii with immunotherapy.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.07.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/abstract/S1535-6108(25)00273-9