大连医科大学蔡正旭小组的研究显示，单核转录组测序揭示了匹洛卡品诱导癫痫大鼠模型的细胞和分子变化。该研究于2025年7月24日发表于国际一流学术期刊《神经科学通报》杂志上。

课题组建立了一个由311,177个单核组成的大鼠癫痫发生的综合单核转录组图谱。他们的分析揭示了在三个阶段和区域中不同的转录特征，包括急性期显著的基因表达变化和潜伏期丘脑关键的突触和神经网络重塑。值得注意的是，研究团队在癫痫发生过程中发现了两种新的星形胶质细胞，其中EX-Astro C3-IN通路成为潜在的干预靶点。该数据集提供了癫痫发生的动态细胞和分子景观的详细了解。

据悉，揭示癫痫发生的潜在过程对于制定有效的癫痫治疗策略至关重要。然而，癫痫发生过程中的细胞和分子变化尚未完全了解。在这项研究中，在匹罗卡品诱导的大鼠模型和对照组中，对海马、颞叶皮层和丘脑进行了急性、潜伏和慢性期的单核RNA测序。

附：英文原文

Title: Single-Nucleus Transcriptomic Sequencing Revealed Cellular and Molecular Changes in a Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy Rat Model

Author: Wang, Ying, Wang, Yue, Yu, Fei, Liu, Yidi, Liu, Xin, Cai, Zhengxu

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-24

Abstract: Uncovering the underlying process of epileptogenesis is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for epilepsy. However, the cellular and molecular changes throughout epileptogenesis are not fully understood. In this study, single-nucleus RNA sequencing was performed on the hippocampus, temporal cortex, and thalamus across the acute, latent, and chronic phases in a pilocarpine-induced rat model and controls. We created a comprehensive single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of rat epileptogenesis, consisting of 311,177 single nuclei. Our analysis revealed distinct transcriptional signatures across the three phases and regions, including significant gene expression changes in the acute phase and critical synaptic and neural network remodeling in the thalamus during the latent phase. Notably, we identified two novel astrocyte clusters during epileptogenesis, with the EX-Astro C3-IN pathway emerging as a potential intervention target. The dataset provides a detailed understanding of the dynamic cellular and molecular landscape of epileptogenesis.

DOI: 10.1007/s12264-025-01451-y

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12264-025-01451-y