近日，中国科学院大连化学物理研究所乔波涛团队通过CO处理Pt/TiO₂催化剂实现了“真正的”选择性加氢。2025年7月21日出版的《美国化学会志》发表了这项最新成果。

选择性加氢是工业催化中一种基本的化学转化，但实现高选择性仍然是一个艰巨的挑战，特别是在将活性较低的官能团转化为活性较强的官能团的过程中。目前的方法通常依赖于一种优先的方式，需要精确的反应控制来防止底物的完全转化，这限制了操作的灵活性并使产品分离复杂化。

研究组证明了Pt/TiO₂催化剂，当经过简单的CO气体热处理时，可以使热反应性较低的NO₂基团真正选择性加氢，同时保留更活跃的C = C键。机理研究表明，处理过的催化剂具有两个不同的活性位点：单原子Pt位点通过快速、可逆的氢插入和消除促进C = C键加氢，导致明显的无活性；TiO_x和C封装的Pt纳米颗粒为NO₂基团提供选择性渗透性。这一发现为选择性加氢的挑战提供了一个完美的解决方案，为高选择性催化系统的设计和制备提供了一个通用的策略，对工业应用具有重要意义。

附：英文原文

Title: Achieving “True” Selective Hydrogenation by CO Treatment of the Pt/TiO2 Catalyst

Author: Fengwei Zhang, Feng Hong, Xuetao Qin, Xiaoqiang Du, Xunzhu Jiang, Yawei Li, Hefang Guo, Peihao Liu, Wenhao Cui, Xiangting Min, Wenting Zhang, Botao Qiao, Ding Ma

Issue&Volume: July 21, 2025

Abstract: Selective hydrogenation represents a fundamental chemical transformation in industrial catalysis, yet achieving high selectivity remains a formidable challenge, particularly toward the conversion of less reactive functional groups over more reactive ones. Current approaches often rely on a preferential manner, requiring precise reaction control to prevent complete substrate conversion, which limits the operational flexibility and complicates product separation. Here, we demonstrate that a Pt/TiO2 catalyst, when subjected to a simple CO gas thermal treatment, can enable the true selective hydrogenation of the thermally less reactive NO2 group while preserving the more reactive C═C bond. Mechanistic studies reveal that the treated catalyst features two distinct active sites: single-atom Pt sites that facilitate C═C bond hydrogenation through rapid, reversible hydrogen insertion and elimination, giving rise to an apparent nonactivity, and TiOx and C-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles that provide selective permeability for the NO2 group. The discovery offers a robust solution to the challenges of selective hydrogenation, presenting a versatile strategy for the design and preparation of highly selective catalytic systems with significant implications for industrial applications.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c04699

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c04699