近日，西北大学王宁练团队研究了中国西部山地冰川地区地面风场特征及其局地天气气候意义。2025年7月17日，《中国科学：地球科学》杂志发表了这一成果。

冰川环境中的地表风场是局部环流系统的重要组成部分，是冰川边界层研究的重要组成部分。研究冰川地表风的时空特征及其对局地气象过程的影响，对于明确气候变化条件下青藏高原山地冰川物质平衡变化的机制和空间异质性具有重要意义。

利用自动气象站（AWS）多年来的气象资料和不同海拔高度的降水量资料，研究组对祁连山七一冰川进行了分析。主要研究结果表明，白天冰川中上游降水风和山谷降水风的辐合增强了地形抬升，增加了这些地区的降水。夜间逆风引起中上冰川地区的辐散性下沉，促进无云条件，增强长波辐射冷却和冰川蓄冷，抑制消融。

研究组提出了一个冰川风-降水反馈的概念模型，该模型展示了冰川环境下局部环流（例如，倒转风）如何调节降水最大值的形成。此外，温暖年份的观测记录了冰川风的增强。这些结果表明，在气候变化条件下，冰川系统可能通过局地环流调节形成自我维持的保护性反馈。

附：英文原文

Title: Characteristics of surface wind fields in mountain glacier regions of western China and their local synoptic-climatic significance

Author: Xi JIANG, Ninglian WANG, Jianqiao HE, Yuwei WU, An’an CHEN, Zhongming GUO

Issue&Volume: 2025/07/17

Abstract: Surface wind fields in glacial environments are critical components of local circulation systems and are essential for glacier boundary layer research. Investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics of glacial surface winds and their impacts on local meteorological processes is essential for identifying the mechanisms and spatial heterogeneity of mass balance variations in Tibetan Plateau mountain glaciers under climate change conditions. This study analyzed Qiyi Glacier in the Qilian Mountains, utilizing multiyear meteorological data from automatic weather stations (AWS) and precipitation gauges at various elevations. The key findings revealed that daytime convergence between upper-mid glacier katabatic winds and valley anabatic winds enhanced orographic uplift, increasing precipitation in these zones. Nocturnal wind reversals induce divergent subsidence over upper-mid glacial areas, promoting cloud-free conditions that enhance longwave radiative cooling and glacial cold storage and suppressing ablation. We proposed a conceptual model of glacier wind-precipitation feedback that demonstrates how local circulations (e.g., katabatic winds) modulate the formation of precipitation maxima in glacial settings. Furthermore, warm-year observations have documented intensified glacier winds. These results suggest that glacial systems may develop self-sustaining protective feedback through local circulation adjustments under climate change.

DOI: 10.1007/s11430-024-1612-5

Source: https://www.sciengine.com/SCES/doi/10.1007/s11430-024-1612-5