湖南师范大学王接词团队近日研究了1+1D弯曲时空中无质量狄拉克场的模拟。2025年7月15日出版的《中国科学：物理学 力学 天文学》杂志发表了这项成果。

模拟不同时空背景下量子场的性质为理解量子力学和广义相对论提供了有价值的见解。

研究组提出一种创新方法，可将1+1维弯曲时空中的无质量狄拉克方程映射至可控量子模拟模型，该方法适用于不同观测者视角。通过对辛普森时空进行数值模拟，计算了潘勒韦坐标与史瓦西坐标下的量子隧穿率，其结果与霍金辐射理论预测高度吻合。

此外，当参数"a > r_s"时，研究组揭示了辛普森时空从常规黑洞到虫洞的相变过程。该方法为多坐标系（观测者）视角下的时空研究开辟了新途径，有助于深化对时空本质的认知。

附：英文原文

Title: Simulation of the massless Dirac field in 1+1D curved spacetime

Author: Liu, Zhilong, Yang, Run-Qiu, Fan, Heng, Wang, Jieci

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-15

Abstract: Simulating the nature of quantum fields in diverse spacetime backgrounds offers valuable insights for the fundamental comprehension of quantum mechanics and general relativity. Here we introduce a novel method for mapping the massless Dirac equation in 1+1D curved spacetime to a controllable quantum simulation model, applicable to various observers’ perspectives. We perform numerical simulations of Simpson spacetime and calculate tunneling rates in Painlevé and Schwarzschild coordinates, which align closely with theoretical predictions of Hawking radiation. Additionally, we show the transition of Simpson spacetime from a regular black hole to a wormhole as the parameter “a > rs”. This method facilitates the study of spacetime from various coordinate perspectives (observers), providing deeper insights and understanding.

DOI: 10.1007/s11433-025-2696-3

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11433-025-2696-3