中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所隆浩团队揭示了在变暖时期，西风带-季风相互作用在青藏高原上形成了不对称的湖泊扩张。2025年7月15日，《科学通报》杂志发表了这一成果。

模拟研究和最近的观测表明，在人为变暖的影响下，西风带-季风相互作用（WMI）导致了青藏高原湖泊扩张的空间不平衡。然而，这种不平衡反映的是短期现象还是长期气候趋势尚不清楚。

研究组提出了一个24万年的内TP湖平面重建，以检查WMI在以前的间冰期（具有大规模气候边界变化的自然温暖状态）中的作用程度。结果表明，近3次间冰期（MIS） 7、5、1期湖泊扩张明显，降水增强，且呈“V”型（MIS 5 < MIS 7或MIS 1）。这种湖泊扩张模式与这些间冰期的北半球冰量（NHIV）变化一致。

模型模拟进一步表明，更多的NHIV可能通过调节西风带的位置、降水增加和相对于TP边缘区域的湖泊扩张来影响WMI。该研究结果证实，在过去的自然暖期，预估的WMI对驱动水文气候变化空间异质性的重要性一直保持不变。气候变暖和NHIV下降将进一步放大青藏高原湖泊扩展的空间不平衡，湖泊扩展的空间不平衡表现为北向南更明显。

附：英文原文

Title: The westerlies-monsoon interaction shaped asymmetric lake expansions over the Tibetan Plateau in warming periods

Author: Hao Long a b c

Issue&Volume: 2025/07/15

Abstract: Modelling studies and recent observations suggest that the westerlies-monsoon interactions (WMI) have led to a spatial imbalance in lake expansions across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the past decades under anthropogenic warming. However, whether such imbalance reflects a short-term phenomenon or a long-term climatic trend remains unclear. Here, we present a 240,000-year lake level reconstruction from the inner TP to examine the extent to which WMI also operated for previous interglacials, natural warm regimes with large-scale climatic boundary changes. Results suggest pronounced lake expansions accompanied by enhanced rainfall during the recent three interglacials, marine isotope stage (MIS) 7, 5, and 1, notably with varying amplitudes of ‘V’ shape (MIS 5 < MIS 7 or MIS 1). This lake expansion pattern is coherent with North Hemisphere ice volume (NHIV) variations among these interglacials. Model simulation further suggests more NHIV may impact WMI by modulating westerlies’ position, causing rainfall increase and lake expansion over the inner TP relative to its marginal areas. Our findings confirm that the projected importance of WMI to drive the spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimate changes has been maintained during the past natural warm periods. We thus predict that the climate warming and NHIV decreasing will further amplify the spatial imbalance of lake expansions across the TP, with more pronounced lake expansions in the north relative to the south.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2025.07.023

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2095927325007431