加拿大舍布鲁克大学Denis P. Blondin团队的研究显示，暴露在寒冷环境中的男性和女性，寒战（而非脂肪组织产热）随着平均皮肤温度的升高而增加。相关论文于2025年7月16日发表在《细胞—代谢》杂志上。

课题组人员的目标是了解冷刺激产热的变化在多大程度上可能是由寒战和非寒战产热（NST）的贡献差异以及与生物性别的相互作用所驱动的。通过对健康男性和女性使用一种新颖的平均皮肤温度夹紧技术，他们的数据显示，冷刺激的热量产生随着颤抖和心肌氧化代谢的增加而增加，这种方式依赖于皮肤温度。寒战和心肌产热也中度相关。相比之下，脂肪组织NST并没有随着皮肤温度的降低而线性增加。男性和女性表现出相似的体温调节反应，尽管女性表现出更明显的颤抖，因为下半身肌肉和运动单位的调动更多。其中，颤抖对冷诱导产热的贡献成比例，而脂肪组织产热则表现出全有或全无的反应。

据了解，皮肤冷却导致热产生机制的激活，以抵消热量流失到环境中。

附：英文原文

Title: Shivering, but not adipose tissue thermogenesis, increases as a function of mean skin temperature in cold-exposed men and women

Author: Lauralyne Dumont, Gabriel Richard, Romain Espagnet, Frédérique Frisch, Mélanie Fortin, Arnaud Samson, Jonathan Bouchard, Réjean Fontaine, Etienne Croteau, Serge Phoenix, Stéphanie Dubreuil, Brigitte Guérin, éric E. Turcotte, André C. Carpentier, Denis P. Blondin

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-16

Abstract: Skin cooling results in the activation of heat-generating mechanisms to counteract heat lost to the environment. Here, we aim to understand the extent to which variations in cold-stimulated heat production may be driven by differences in the contribution of shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and the interaction with biological sex. Using a novel mean skin temperature clamping technique in healthy men and women, our data show that cold-stimulated heat production rises with increasing shivering and myocardial oxidative metabolism in a skin temperature-dependent fashion. Shivering and myocardial thermogenesis were also moderately associated. By contrast, adipose tissue NST did not increase in a linear manner to reductions in skin temperature. Men and women displayed similar thermoregulatory responses, although women presented more pronounced shivering through a greater recruitment of lower-body muscles and a greater number of motor units recruited. Thus, shivering contributes proportionally to cold-induced thermogenesis, whereas adipose tissue thermogenesis displays an all-or-none response.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2025.06.010

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(25)00305-5