日本东京大学Naoki Uchida团队研究了弧前地震带：制约下倾大逆冲地震破裂的流体通道。这一研究成果发表在2025年7月10日出版的《科学》杂志上。

在海洋板块中俯冲的一部分流体被认为会回到地球表面，并在迁移过程中有可能影响断层。

研究组以机器学习为主题，通过海底电缆地震网络的数据来探测和定位日本东北部的地震。地震活动性显示了从俯冲板块到海底附近的垂直分布。“弧前地震带”对应的地震活动性被认为是由下伏板块向弧前供应流体造成的，也可能约束巨流破裂的下倾极限。高地震活动区继续延伸至东京市区的内陆，与博索慢滑事件和1923年关东地震的东部边缘一致，支持了浅层破坏性地震的预测。

附：英文原文

Title: The forearc seismic belt: A fluid pathway constraining down-dip megathrust earthquake rupture

Author: Rintaroh Suzuki, Naoki Uchida, Weiqiang Zhu, Gregory C. Beroza, Takashi Nakayama, Keisuke Yoshida, Genti Toyokuni, Ryota Takagi, Ryosuke Azuma, Akira Hasegawa

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-10

Abstract: A portion of fluids subducted in an oceanic plate is thought to return to Earth’s surface and has the potential to influence faulting during that migration. We used machine learning to detect and locate earthquakes in the northeast Japan forearc using data from a cabled ocean-bottom seismic network. That seismicity shows vertical distributions extending from the subducted plate to near the sea floor. The “forearc seismic belt” corresponds to the seismicity assumed to result from fluid supply from the underlying plate to the forearc and may also act to constrain the down-dip limit of megathrust rupture. The zone of high seismicity continues inland under metropolitan Tokyo, aligning with the Boso slow slip events and the eastern edge of the1923 Kanto earthquake, supporting forecasts of shallow damaging earthquakes.

DOI: adt6389

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt6389