近日，中国科学技术大学徐铜文团队实现了利用双极膜合成氘酸和氘碱。这一研究成果发表在2025年7月9日出版的《自然》杂志上。

氘酸/碱是高价值的大宗化学品，主要用于合成氘化药物、修饰光电材料和介导氢同位素交换反应。然而，传统的合成方法需要苛刻的反应条件和高能耗。

研究组提出了一个多功能平台，利用双极膜（BPM）中的重水解离，在特别温和的条件下生产氘酸和氘碱。其中，D₂SO₄ （2.75 mol/L）和KOD （5.82 mol/L）以廉价的D₂O和K₂SO₄为原料，制备出与商品相当的D₂SO₄ 和KOD。他们发现氘核生成速率大约是质子生成速率的1.25倍，这是由于D⁺通过阴离子交换膜（AEM）的共离子泄漏比H⁺少，D₂O中BPM内的盐泄漏比H₂O中要少，并且在膜相中氘核的脱水屏障比质子检测器低。与其他影响因素相比，盐漏对H⁺/D⁺浓度差的影响相对较小。这种灵活和自动化的平台有利于各种氘标记化合物的合成。

附：英文原文

Title: Synthesis of deuterated acids and bases using bipolar membranes

Author: Yan, Junying, Jiang, Chenxiao, Zeng, Xiongzhi, Song, Wanjie, Yang, Jie, Ge, Xiaolin, Wu, Liang, Yang, Zhengjin, Li, Zhenyu, Wang, Yaoming, Xu, Tongwen

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-09

Abstract: Deuterated acids/bases are high-value bulk chemicals used for synthesizing deuterated pharmaceuticals1,2, modifying optoelectronic materials3 and mediating hydrogen isotope exchange reactions4,5. However, conventional synthesis methods require harsh reaction conditions with high energy consumption6,7. Here we propose a versatile platform that takes advantage of heavy water dissociation in bipolar membranes (BPMs) to produce deuterated acids and bases under particularly mild conditions. Specifically, D2SO4 (2.75moll1) and KOD (5.82moll1), which are comparable with commercial products, were prepared using inexpensive D2O and K2SO4. We find that the deuteron generation rate is approximately 1.25 times greater than that of the protons, which is attributed to less co-ion leakage of D+ than H+ through the anion-exchange membrane (AEM), lower salt leakage within BPMs in D2O than in H2O and lower dehydration barrier of deuterons than proton clusters in the membrane phase. Compared with other contributing factors, salt leakage plays a relatively minor role in the observed H+/D+ concentration difference. This flexible and robust platform facilitates the synthesis of various deuterium-labelled compounds.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09274-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09274-7