日本东京大学Uchida, Ken-ichi团队研究了横向汤姆逊效应的观察。2025年6月26日出版的《自然—物理学》杂志发表了这项成果。
汤姆逊效应是指当电荷电流和温度梯度在同一方向上施加时，导体中的体积加热或冷却。同样，当电荷电流、温度梯度和磁场在正交方向上施加时，导体将被加热或冷却。这种被称为横向汤姆逊效应的现象还没有被实验观察到。
研究组报道用热电成像技术在半金属Bi88Sb12合金中观察到这种效应。研究组可以通过改变磁场的方向在加热或冷却之间切换。他们的实验和分析揭示了传统汤姆逊效应和横向汤姆逊效应的本质区别。前者主要取决于塞贝克系数的温度导数，后者则取决于能斯特系数的温度导数和大小。横向汤姆逊效应的观察为主动热管理技术提供了一个新的概念。
附：英文原文
Title: Observation of the transverse Thomson effect
Author: Takahagi, Atsushi, Hirai, Takamasa, Alasli, Abdulkareem, Park, Sang J., Nagano, Hosei, Uchida, Ken-ichi
Issue&Volume: 2025-06-26
Abstract: The Thomson effect refers to volumetric heating or cooling in a conductor when a charge current and a temperature gradient are applied in the same direction. Similarly, it is expected that a conductor will be heated or cooled when a charge current, a temperature gradient and a magnetic field are applied in orthogonal directions. This phenomenon, referred to as the transverse Thomson effect, has not been experimentally observed. Here we report the observation of this effect in a semimetallic Bi88Sb12 alloy with thermoelectric imaging. We can switch between heating or cooling by changing the direction of the magnetic field. Our experiments and analyses reveal the essential difference between the conventional and transverse Thomson effects. Whereas the former depends sorely on the temperature derivative of the Seebeck coefficient, the latter depends on the temperature derivative and the magnitude of the Nernst coefficient. The observation of the transverse Thomson effect provides a new concept for active thermal management technologies.
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02936-3
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02936-3