瑞士伯尔尼大学Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg研究小组取得一项新突破。他们探明了饮食来源的LPS决定了肠道IgA诱导和菌群特征，而不依赖于微生物群。相关论文发表在2025年6月26日出版的《免疫学》杂志上。

尽管这主要是根据持续的微生物诱导来解释的，但该课题组人员表明，生命早期的饮食组成可以促进IgA诱导，其曲目和突变多样化，而不依赖于微生物暴露。研究人员使用无菌小鼠和定植小鼠饲喂不同的饲粮，这些饲粮采用专有的谷物加工或纯化的化学物质，具有不同的主要常量营养素卡路里强度，他们发现，饲粮中的脂多糖污染导致Toll样受体（TLR）4信号传导，并促进肠道免疫室的生发中心活性。脂多糖对粘膜免疫诱导的影响仅在胶体脂质体中呈现，而不是在分散溶液中呈现。这些发现表明，饲料成分及其配方可以对最终产生的IgA库留下持久的印象。

据介绍，主要分泌抗体免疫球蛋白A （IgA）的一个标志是其在整个生命中积累的突变负荷。

附：英文原文

Title: Diet-derived LPS determines intestinal IgA induction and repertoire characteristics independently of the microbiota

Author: Catherine Mooser, Francesca Ronchi, Julien P. Limenitakis, Cristina Kalbermatter, Sandro Christensen, Mercedes Gomez de Agüero, Tobias Fuhrer, Uwe Sauer, Andrew J. Macpherson, Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-26

Abstract: A hallmark of the main secreted antibody immunoglobulin A (IgA) is its mutational load that accumulates throughout life. Although this is mainly interpreted in terms of continuing microbial induction, we show that dietary composition during early life can promote IgA induction, its repertoire, and mutational diversification independently of microbial exposure. Using germ-free and colonized mice fed different diets formulated with proprietary grain-based processing or from purified chemicals with different principal macronutrient calorie sources, we found that dietary lipopolysaccharide contamination led to Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling and promoted germinal center activity in the intestinal immune compartment. The effects of lipopolysaccharide on mucosal immune induction were phenocopied only when presented within colloidal liposomes rather than in dispersed solution. These findings indicate that dietary composition and its formulation can leave a durable impression on the resultant IgA repertoire.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.05.024

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/abstract/S1074-7613(25)00245-6