厦门大学伞海生团队近日研究了基于波导光集中结构的高效⁹⁰Sr射电光伏电池。相关论文发表在2025年6月16日出版的《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

无线电光伏电池（RPVC）能够提供高可靠性和延长使用寿命，使其成为恶劣环境应用的理想选择。然而，两阶段能量转换过程固有地限制了能量转换效率（ECE）。研究组提出了一种基于波导光浓度（WLC）方案的新型RPVC设计，该设计采用多层堆叠的GAGG:Ce闪烁波导，交替加载⁹⁰Sr放射性同位素源。

电子束辐照试验表明，在电子能量超过60 keV.包含1.43的RPVC原型 词??Sr实现了48.9μW的最大输出功率（Pmax），其ECE达到了前所未有的2.96%，这是迄今为止放射性同位素动力遥控飞行器的最高报告值。此外，多模块集成RPVC原型的Pmax为3.17 mW，短路电流为2.23 mA，开路电压为2.14V。 

值得注意的是，在50年的等效电子束照射后，该设备的RL性能仅下降了13.8%（总通量：5.625 × 10¹⁸ e/cm²），证实了卓越的辐射硬度。这些发现表明，基于WLC的RPVC实现了高功率输出和出色的长期稳定性，代表了促进核电池应用的重大进步。

附：英文原文

Title: High-efficiency 90Sr radio-photovoltaic cells based on waveguide light concentration structure

Author: Jiang, Tongxin, Li, Sijie, Yao, Wenlong, Han, Lu, Zhang, Lei, Li, Xue, Zhang, Lifeng, Tang, Xian, Li, Xin, San, Haisheng

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-16

Abstract: Radio-photovoltaic cells (RPVCs) are able to offer high reliability and extended operational lifetimes, making them ideal for harsh-environment applications. However, the two-stage energy conversion process inherently limits energy conversion efficiency (ECE). This study presents a novel RPVC design based on a waveguide light concentration (WLC) scheme, employing multilayer-stacked GAGG:Ce scintillation waveguides alternately loaded with 90Sr radioisotope sources. Electron beam irradiation tests revealed highly efficient radioluminescence (RL) emission from the edge surfaces of GAGG:Ce waveguide at electron energies exceeding 60keV. A RPVC prototype incorporating 1.43Ci of Sr achieved a maximum output power (Pmax) of 48.9 μW, with an unprecedented ECE of 2.96%—the highest reported value for radioisotope-powered RPVCs to date. Furthermore, a multi-module integrated RPVC prototype demonstrated a Pmax of 3.17mW, with a short circuit current of 2.23mA and an open circuit voltage of 2.14V. Remarkably, the device exhibited only 13.8% RL performance degradation after a 50-year equivalent electron beam irradiation (total fluence: 5.625×1018e/cm2), confirming exceptional radiation hardness. These findings demonstrate that the WLC-based RPVCs achieve both high power output and exceptional long-term stability, representing a substantial advancement for facilitating nuclear battery applications.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01875-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-01875-1