美国波士顿大学Robinson W. Fulweiler团队研究了内陆和沿海水域固氮的全球重要性。2025年6月12日，《科学》杂志发表了这一成果。

生物固氮是全球初级生产和气候的关键驱动力。几十年的努力已经反复更新了陆地和开放海洋系统的固氮估计，但两者之间的其他水生系统在很大程度上被忽视了。

研究组提出了对内陆和沿海水域固氮的评价。研究组证明了水柱和沉积物的固氮在这些不同的水生栖息地中是普遍存在的，其速率范围为6个数量级。该课题组保守估计，尽管内陆和沿海水生系统占全球表面积的不到10%，但每年固定40（30至54）太克氮，相当于陆地和开阔海洋固定氮的15%。内陆系统贡献了一半以上的生物固氮作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Global importance of nitrogen fixation across inland and coastal waters

Author: Robinson W. Fulweiler, Shelby Rinehart, Jason Taylor, Michelle C. Kelly, Megan E. Berberich, Nicholas E. Ray, Autumn Oczkowski, Sawyer Balint, Mar Benavides, Matthew J. Church, Brianna Loeks, Silvia Newell, Malin Olofsson, Jimmy Clifford Oppong, Sarah S. Roley, Carmella Vizza, Samuel T. Wilson, Subhadeep Chowdhury, Peter Groffman, J. Thad Scott, Amy M. Marcarelli

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-12

Abstract: Biological nitrogen fixation is a key driver of global primary production and climate. Decades of effort have repeatedly updated nitrogen fixation estimates for terrestrial and open ocean systems, yet other aquatic systems in between have largely been ignored. Here we present an evaluation of nitrogen fixation for inland and coastal waters. We demonstrate that water column and sediment nitrogen fixation is ubiquitous across these diverse aquatic habitats, with rates ranging six orders of magnitude. We conservatively estimate that, despite accounting for less than 10% of the global surface area, inland and coastal aquatic systems fix 40 (30 to 54) teragrams of nitrogen per year, equivalent to 15% of the nitrogen fixed on land and in the open ocean. Inland systems contribute more than half of this biological nitrogen fixation.

DOI: adt1511

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt1511