美国麻省理工学院Zachary P. Smith团队近日研究了用于高效分离液态烃混合物的微孔聚酰亚胺膜。相关论文于2025年5月22日发表在《科学》杂志上。

界面聚合已成为制备脱盐膜的工业标准。将同样的概念扩展到有机溶剂的分子分离将是通过节能原油或生物原油分馏实现化学和石化工业脱碳的关键推动因素。研究组报告了一种基于酸催化界面聚合的分子工程方法，用于高效分离碳氢化合物。 

设计策略包括（i）将酰胺键改为亚胺键，以及（ii）随后引入形状持久性单元，如雷公藤红素和螺二芴。与常规聚酰胺相比，制备的聚酰亚胺膜具有超高的微孔性和增强的抗溶胀性和抗塑化性。这些膜具有快速和选择性运输碳氢化合物的特点，包括多组分和工业相关的混合物，其性能优于商业和最先进的基准膜。

附：英文原文

Title: Microporous polyimine membranes for efficient separation of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures

Author: Tae Hoon Lee, Marcel Balcik, Zain Ali, Taigyu Joo, Matthew P. Rivera, Ingo Pinnau, Zachary P. Smith

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-22

Abstract: Interfacial polymerization has been an industrial standard for preparing desalination membranes. Extending the same concept to molecular separation of organic solvents would be a key enabler for the decarbonization of the chemical and petrochemical industries through energy-efficient crude or biocrude oil fractionation. Here, we report a molecular engineering approach based on acid-catalyzed interfacial polymerization for efficient hydrocarbon separation. The design strategies include (i) changing the linkage from amide to imine and (ii) subsequent introduction of shape-persistent units such as triptycene and spirobifluorene. The prepared polyimine membranes exhibit ultrahigh microporosity and enhanced swelling and plasticization resistance compared with conventional polyamide counterparts. These membranes, which feature fast and selective transport of hydrocarbons, including multicomponent and industrially relevant mixtures, outperform commercial and state-of-the-art benchmark membranes.

DOI: adv6886

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adv6886