中国科学院国家天文台刘继峰团队研究了天文学中的“蛙眼”：通过一对窄带滤波器监测二元径向速度变化。相关论文于2025年5月19日发表在《中国科学：物理学 力学 天文学》杂志上。

光谱观测是推动时域测量时代重大发现的关键一步。然而，当前光谱调查的速度越来越无法满足快速推进的大规模时域调查的需求。为了解决这个问题，研究组提出了“蛙眼”系统，该系统采用了一对窄带滤波器：一个位于强吸收线附近，用于捕获多普勒频移的信号，另一个放置在相邻的连续体上，用于监测固有变化。两个滤波器的观测结果相结合，可以从大量双星样本中提取径向速度（RV）曲线，并且使用光度技术对单线双星（SB1）特别有效。SB1上的综合模拟表明，对于主恒星有效温度大于6000 K的双星系统，可以从提取的RV曲线中精确测量双星轨道参数。

对于K≥30 km s⁻¹的双星系统，典型的地面光度精度约为0.3%，导出的半振幅K和偏心率e的不确定性分别小于10%和0.1。这些令人鼓舞的结果得到了中国2.16米望远镜上安装的非专业“蛙眼”系统对热亚矮星白矮星双星系统HD 265435的真实观测的进一步验证。一旦该系统正确安装在大型视场测量望远镜上，获取双星RV曲线的速率将接近其在领先的时域光度测量中的检测速率。

附：英文原文

Title: “Frog-eyes” in astronomy: Monitoring binary radial velocity variations through a pair of narrow-band filters

Author: Zheng, Chuanjie, Huang, Yang, Liu, Jifeng, Gu, Hongrui, Wu, Hong, Lu, Youjun, Sun, Yongkang, Han, Henggeng, Wang, Song, Beers, Timothy C., Xiao, Kai, Li, Zhirui, Zhang, Boweng, Mao, Yongna, Li, Zhengyang, Ji, Hangxin

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-19

Abstract: Spectroscopic observations are a crucial step in driving major discoveries in the era of time-domain surveys. However, the pace of current spectroscopic surveys is increasingly unable to meet the demands of rapidly advancing large-scale time-domain surveys. To address this issue, we propose the “Frog-eyes” system, which employs a pair of narrow-band filters: one positioned near a strong absorption line to capture signals from Doppler shifts, and the other placed on the adjacent continuum to monitor intrinsic variations. The combination of observations from the two filters enables the extraction of radial velocity (RV) curves from a large sample of binary stars, and is particularly efficient for single-lined binaries (SB1), using photometric techniques. Comprehensive mock simulations on SB1 demonstrate that the binary orbital parameters can be precisely measured from the extracted RV curves for binary systems where the primary star has an effective temperature greater than 6000 K. With a typical ground-based photometric precision of approximately 0.3%, the uncertainties in the derived semi-amplitude K and eccentricity e are less than 10% and 0.1, respectively, for binary systems with K 30 km s1. These encouraging results are further validated by real observations of the hot subdwarf-white dwarf binary system HD 265435, using a non-specialized “Frog-eyes” system installed on the Chinese 2.16 m telescope. Once this system is properly installed on large-field-of-view survey telescopes, the rate of acquiring RV curves for binaries will approach their detection rate in leading time-domain photometric surveys.

DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2631-4

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11433-024-2631-4