美国阿贡国家实验室Gui-Liang Xu团队实现了卤化物分离促进全固态锂硫电池。这一研究成果于2025年5月15日发表在《科学》杂志上。

混合电活性材料、固态电解质和导电碳材料来制造复合电极是全固态电池中最常用但最不为人知的工艺，在很大程度上决定了界面稳定性和电荷输运。

研究组报道了在超高速混合过程中通过机械化学反应，在各种含卤素固态电解质和一系列高能硫族阴极的界面上普遍存在的卤化物偏析。通过多模态同步X射线探针和冷冻透射电镜对体相和界面的表征表明，原位分离的卤化锂界面层显著提高了有效的离子输运，抑制了体相硫族阴极的体积变化。各种全固态锂硫电池在商业水平的面积容量下利用率接近100%，并表现出非凡的循环稳定性。

附：英文原文

Title: Halide segregation to boost all-solid-state lithium-chalcogen batteries

Author: Jieun Lee, Shiyuan Zhou, Victoria C. Ferrari, Chen Zhao, Angela Sun, Sarah Nicholas, Yuzi Liu, Chengjun Sun, Dominik Wierzbicki, Dilworth Y. Parkinson, Jianming Bai, Wenqian Xu, Yonghua Du, Khalil Amine, Gui-Liang Xu

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-15

Abstract: Mixing electroactive materials, solid-state electrolytes, and conductive carbon to fabricate composite electrodes is the most practiced but least understood process in all-solid-state batteries, which strongly dictates interfacial stability and charge transport. We report on universal halide segregation at interfaces across various halogen-containing solid-state electrolytes and a family of high-energy chalcogen cathodes enabled by mechanochemical reaction during ultrahigh-speed mixing. Bulk and interface characterizations by multimodal synchrotron x-ray probes and cryo–transmission electron microscopy show that the in situ segregated lithium halide interfacial layers substantially boost effective ion transport and suppress the volume change of bulk chalcogen cathodes. Various all-solid-state lithium-chalcogen cells demonstrate utilization close to 100% and extraordinary cycling stability at commercial-level areal capacities.

DOI: adt1882

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt1882