法国菲涅耳研究所Manos Mavrakis小组近日取得一项新成果。他们的研究显示，活细胞和组织中肌动蛋白丝组织的遗传编码报告者。该项研究成果发表在2025年4月2日出版的《细胞》上。
通过将五种广受关注的肌动蛋白定位报告基因工程化到具有受限迁移能力的荧光蛋白上，该课题组成功地开发了基于基因编码、绿色和红色荧光蛋白的报告基因，通过荧光偏振显微镜对活细胞和组织中的肌动蛋白丝组织进行无创、定量测量。
据了解，细胞骨架蛋白肌动蛋白对整个真核生物的细胞形状和完整性至关重要。肌动蛋白丝具有重要的生物学功能，包括细胞收缩、细胞分裂和组织形态发生。这些不同的活动是通过肌动蛋白丝排列成精确结构的能力来实现的。在定义肌动蛋白细胞骨架的蛋白质组方面已经取得了很大的进展，但是对肌动蛋白丝本身的动态组织状态的详细评价受到现有工具的阻碍。通过利用偏振光激发对附着在肌动蛋白丝上的荧光团方向的敏感性，荧光偏振显微镜是测量肌动蛋白丝组织的独特方法。
附：英文原文
Title: Genetically encoded reporters of actin filament organization in living cells and tissues
Author: Carla Silva Martins, Franois Iv, Shashi Kumar Suman, Thomas C. Panagiotou, Clara Sidor, María Ruso-López, Camille N. Plancke, Shizue Omi, Rebecca Pagès, Maxime Gomes, Alexander Llewellyn, Sourish Reddy Bandi, Laurie Ramond, Federica Arbizzani, Caio Vaz Rimoli, Frank Schnorrer, Franois Robin, Andrew Wilde, Loc LeGoff, Jean-Denis Pedelacq, Antoine Jégou, Stéphanie Cabantous, Sergio A. Rincon, Cristel Chandre, Sophie Brasselet, Manos Mavrakis
Issue&Volume: 2025-04-02
Abstract: The cytoskeletal protein actin is crucial for cell shape and integrity throughout eukaryotes. Actin filaments perform essential biological functions, including muscle contraction, cell division, and tissue morphogenesis. These diverse activities are achieved through the ability of actin filaments to be arranged into precise architectures. Much progress has been made in defining the proteome of the actin cytoskeleton, but a detailed appreciation of the dynamic organizational state of the actin filaments themselves has been hindered by available tools. Fluorescence polarization microscopy is uniquely placed for measuring actin filament organization by exploiting the sensitivity of polarized light excitation to the orientation of fluorophores attached to actin filaments. By engineering fusions of five widely used actin localization reporters to fluorescent proteins with constrained mobility, we have succeeded in developing genetically encoded, green- and red-fluorescent-protein-based reporters for non-invasive, quantitative measurements of actin filament organization in living cells and tissues by fluorescence polarization microscopy.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.03.003
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)00276-4