近日，天津工业大学张新陆团队研究了8Tm掺杂光纤激光器中孤子雨的集体爆炸动力学。相关论文于2025年4月24日发表在《Physical Review A》杂志上。

研究组报道了非线性放大环镜技术锁定的掺Tm光纤激光器模式中单向和双向孤子雨（SR）的爆炸事件。他们观察到爆炸演化经历了一个从多SR态到正常SR，再到孤子群，再到湮灭，最终到爆炸的分解过程。

连续的观测表明，每次爆炸都会出现能量衰减、突然下降和爆发，从而表现出准周期性特征。数值实验有效地模拟了爆炸过程，并证实了集体孤子爆炸中的Q开关效应。对非线性映射得到的轨道图的分析有力地证实了SR爆炸的起源：增益调制锁模机制。这些发现揭示了耗散系统中极端的集体孤子行为。

附：英文原文

Title: Collective explosive dynamics of soliton rains in a figure-8 Tm-doped fiber laser

Author: Bo Yang Su, Jin Jer Huang, Ze Xin Du, Xin Lu Zhang

Issue&Volume: 2025/04/24

Abstract: We report the explosive events of unidirectional and bidirectional soliton rains (SRs) in a Tm-doped fiber laser mode locked by the nonlinear amplifying loop mirror technology. It is observed that the explosive evolution undergoes a disintegrating process from a multi-SR state to a normal SR, and to a soliton group followed by annihilation, and eventually to the explosion. Continuous observations reveal that each explosion exhibits a decay, a sudden drop, and an eruption of energy, thereby manifesting a quasiperiodic characteristic. A numerical experiment has effectively simulated the explosive processes and confirmed the Q-switching effect inside the collective soliton explosions. An analysis of the orbit diagrams derived from nonlinear mapping solidly substantiates the origin of the SR explosions: a gain-modulated mode-locking mechanism. These findings unveil an extreme collective soliton behavior in dissipative systems.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.111.043528

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.111.043528