美国加州理工学院Jiaxuan Li团队研究了基于光纤大地测量的冰岛周期性堤防入侵的分钟尺度动力学。2025年4月24日，相关论文于发表在《科学》杂志上。

火山系统附近的连续大地测量可以成像岩浆运移动力学，但以高时空分辨率解决岩墙侵入仍然具有挑战性。研究组引入了光纤大地测量，利用沿电信光纤电缆的低频分布式声传感（LFDAS）记录，在一分钟的时间尺度上跟踪冰岛Grindavik附近的堤防入侵。 

LFDAS揭示了九次侵入事件的不同应变反应，其中六次导致了裂缝爆发。LFDAS应变的大地测量反演揭示了详细的岩浆侵入，推断的岩脉体积率在每次喷发开始前15至22分钟系统地达到峰值。该研究结果证明了DAS在密集应变仪阵列方面的潜力，能够对地下准静态变形进行高分辨率、近乎实时的成像。在活火山地区，LFDAS记录可以为岩浆演化、喷发预测和危险评估提供关键见解。

附：英文原文

Title: Minute-scale dynamics of recurrent dike intrusions in Iceland with fiber-optic geodesy

Author: Jiaxuan Li, Ettore Biondi, Elías Rafn Heimisson, Simone Puel, Qiushi Zhai, Shane Zhang, Vala Hjrleifsdóttir, Xiaozhuo Wei, Elijah Bird, Andy Klesh, Valey Kamalov, Theodór Gunnarsson, Halldór Geirsson, Zhongwen Zhan

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Abstract: Continuous geodetic measurements near volcanic systems can image magma transport dynamics, yet resolving dike intrusions with high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We introduce fiber-optic geodesy, leveraging low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LFDAS) recordings along a telecommunication fiber-optic cable, to track dike intrusions near Grindavík, Iceland, on a minute timescale. LFDAS reveals distinct strain responses from nine intrusive events, six resulting in fissure eruptions. Geodetic inversion of LFDAS strain reveals detailed magmatic intrusions, with inferred dike volume rate peaking systematically 15 to 22 min before the onset of each eruption. Our results demonstrate DAS’s potential for a dense strainmeter array, enabling high-resolution, nearly real-time imaging of subsurface quasi-static deformations. In active volcanic regions, LFDAS recordings can offer critical insights into magmatic evolution, eruption forecasting, and hazard assessment.

DOI: adu0225

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu0225