近日，瑞士日内瓦大学Sebastian A. R. Ellis团队研究了引力波探测的经典（和量子）启发式。这一研究成果于2025年4月22日发表在《高能物理杂志》上。

研究组推导出了通用机械和电磁引力波探测器灵敏度的下限。他们考虑了经典和量子检测方案，尽管关注的是前者。该结果实现了简单地再现各种实验的灵敏度，包括光学干涉仪、谐振棒、光机传感器和电磁转换实验。

在高频区域，研究组考虑的所有检测方案都可以通过其存储的电磁能和他们提供的信号传递函数来表征。研究组讨论了为什么高频引力波搜索特别困难，以及在现有干涉仪的灵敏度窗口之上可能无法检测到原始引力波背景。

附：英文原文

Title: Classical (and quantum) heuristics for gravitational wave detection

Author: DAgnolo, Raffaele Tito, Ellis, Sebastian A. R.

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-22

Abstract: We derive a lower bound on the sensitivity of generic mechanical and electromagnetic gravitational wave detectors. We consider both classical and quantum detection schemes, although we focus on the former. Our results allow for a simple reproduction of the sensitivities of a variety of experiments, including optical interferometers, resonant bars, optomechanical sensors, and electromagnetic conversion experiments. In the high-frequency regime, all detection schemes we consider can be characterised by their stored electromagnetic energy and the signal transfer function, which we provide. We discuss why high-frequency gravitational wave searches are especially difficult and primordial gravitational wave backgrounds might not be detectable above the sensitivity window of existing interferometers.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP04(2025)164

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP04(2025)164